You know it wouldn't surprise me if the Russian jets dancing around Turkey's border a month ago was deliberate in order to provoke the desired response.
It just seems more than a coincidence that Russia is now building an air exclusion zone to kick out the coalition. It wouldn't surprise me if they try and greatly extend it.
I doubt it. Normal airspace incursions don't involve a shoot down. Pretty much not ever. If Turkey wanted to avoid the escalation all they had to do was follow accepted international behavior. Intercept the intruder and escort them out of their airspace. Even according to the Turks, the entire violation lasted 17 seconds, and a quick look at the distance in question and minimal speeds for an Su-24 tells us that it was even less then that. Over several seconds of airspace violation, to shoot someone down, is unjustifiably aggressive.
Edrogan himself, when a Turkish F-4 was shot down by Syrians over a small violation, said that minor violations like that can never be cause for a shoot down. He was correct. The Syrians likely did it because the plane was a recon variant, and they were already in a civil war trying to put down rebels, who sourced arms through Turkey among other places.
To then say that Russia tried to provoke the shoot down is just plain silly. I know you're scared to death of big bad Russia, but please consider the context of the events you're talking about.
It would be another story of Russian spy planes intentionally spent considerable time in Turkish airspace.
There can't be a response, Turkeys actions saw to that.
There certainly could be a response. NATO is quite sophisticated, especially the USAF. They could start an all out bombing campaign, and then do their best to not hit Russian assets. There's a good chance they would even pull it off (the not hitting Russian assets part). All Putin could do in response to that is make angry statements, and try for asymmetric response in other areas. However, at the end of the day the problem is getting agreement for an action of that sort, even in the US government alone, nevermind the Europeans. And that's where the real issue lies. Not in their inability to respond but their profound unwillingness. And of course the fact that the whole thing would just make a bad situation worse.