The J-10 fighter program began in the early 1980s to counter the Soviet four-generation fighters such as MiG-29 Fulcrum and Su-27 Flanker.
RADAR
The J-10 is reported to be fitted with an indigenous KLJ-3 pulse-Doppler fire-control radar developed by Nanjing Research Institute of Electronic Technology (also known as 14th Institute). The KLJ-3 radar, which might be based on early variant AN/APG-66/68 technology, is said to have a maximum detecting range of 100~130km (attacking range 80~90km), and is capable of engaging two targets simultaneously. The radar system was tested on a Y-7 aerial radar tested before being fitted on the J-10.
Russian company Phazotron is prompting its Zhuk-10PD, a version of the system in later Su-27s, with 160km search range and ability to track up to six targets. Israel has also offered its Elta EL/M-2035 radar for competition.
POWERPLANT
The initial low-rate production J-10s are powered by the Russian Lyulka-Saturn AL-31F turbofan rated at 17,857lb (79.43kN) dry and 27,557lb st (122.58kN) with afterburning. The same power plant is also being used by Chinese air force's Su-27s and Su-30s. Lyulka-Saturn reportedly delivered 54 AL-31F turbofan engines to China between 2002 and 2004. These are the AL-31FN model with special modifications to be fitted in the J-10.
Shenyang-based AVIC1 Aviation Engine Institute is also developing its own WS-10A (commercial name 'Taihang') turbofan power plant, and it could be fitted on the later versions of the J-10.
In 2005, China has reportedly ordered additional 100 improved model AL-31F engines with increased thrust and possibly all-aspect thrust vector control (TVC), which will further enhance the aircraft's maneuverability.