A few thoughts on the possible development of an Anti-Radiation variant of the Meteor Missiles, its relevance to the JSF aircraft, SEAD operations; in particular against ship-borne radar during mixed package attacks on ships. Having significance to the deployment of the JSF for Australia, where defence against maritime targets is a major requirement.
Current Status of AA Meteor Missile Program
The initial firing of the Meteor Missile was on the Grippen, subsequently the missile has been successfully launched from a Typhoon. Development and integration of the seeker and the associated firings will take place during 2007 and may slip into 2008. It is anticipated that the Meteor Missile will be compatible with the Tranche 2 Typhoon when it is introduced into service in 2008. However, the program for the two-way data link has slipped due to funding issues. In particular the development of the interface SRI in the Captor radar Processor LRI 2, which only received interim funding and at one stage all development stopped. There is doubt that the this issue will be resolved in time to integrate the Meteor Missile into the Typhoon during Tranche 2, it could be delayed until Tranche 3 (2012). At best it appears that it will be introduced as a modification with ISD of 2010.
The Meteor Missile has been installed on all 6 AA stations (4 in the fuselage & 2 wing stations). I think it has been cleared for flight from all 6 stations. So far I think it has been fired from a wing station, I’m not sure if it has been fired from a fuselage station.
AA Meteor Integration with JSF
For the UK, when the JSF is delivered it will only be integrated with a limited range of weapons common to all users (essentially mainly US weapons, including AMRAAM). Latter customer weapons will be integrated, including Meteor. The Missile will be fired from the same stations as the AMRAAM (using the same launcher/ejectors).
AR Meteor Program Status & Comparisons with other missiles
There have been investigations into using the HARM seeker fitted to the body of the Meteor, but I have not seen any evidence that the development has been funded.
Such a combination would produce a very potent weapon.
AR Meteor (Based on AA version)
Mass: 185kg (AR version probably 200kg)
Length: 3.65m
Diameter: 0.178m
Warhead: ~30kg (AR version probably 50kg)
Speed: + M4
Range: + 100km
The key feature is that it could be installed on any aircraft capable of firing an AMRAAM. Including internal weapons bays on the F/A-22 and F-35 aircraft.
It could replace/complement ALARM and HARM missiles.
ALARM
Mass: 268kg
Length: 4.24m
Wing Span: 0.73m
Warhead: ~50kg
Speed: ~M2
Range: +45km
HARM
Mass: 360kg
Length: 4.14m
Wing Span: 1.02m
Warhead: 70/20kg
Speed: ~M2
Range: +50km
As can be seen the ALARM & HARM missiles cannot be installed in the semi-recessed fuselage stations used by the AMRAAM or Meteor missiles, nor in the internal bays of the F/A-22 or F-35 aircraft. With a modern warhead it could offer similar of better capabilities than the current missiles.
As can be seen below the AR missiles are much smaller that anti-ship missiles.
Harpoon (Air-Launched)
Mass: 516kg
Length: 4.49m (SLAM & ER)
Diameter: 0.34m
Wingspan: 0.92m
Warhead: 220kg
Speed: 855km/h (Sub-sonic)
Range: +240km
AR Meteor SEAD Operations With JSF
Apart from the obvious uses of carrying an anti-radiation missile in a LO aircraft for land based operations (SEAD), there could be tactical advantages to using such a missile when attacking a ship.
Consider a mixed package of F-35s, some equipped with long range stand-off weapons, such as the Harpoon missile installed on external pylons and others carrying only internal stores, including AR Meteor missiles. (Some or all could carry AA missiles internally).
The Harpoon could be fired at long range, while the AR Meteor equipped F-35s would be able to approach relatively close to the ship without being detected by the ships radar. Shortly before the low flying Harpoon missile came within range of the ship, the AR Meteor missiles could be fired taking out the ships radar. Further missiles may be able to engage radars controlling the close in defences.
It may be possible for a single F-35 to launch a standoff weapon, such as a Harpoon missile and then jettison the pylon and revert to LO mode of operations. The JSF could then chase the slow speed missile and launch AR Meteor Missiles to suppress ship radar during the final stages of attack.
AR Meteor on other platforms
The AR Meteor Missile would provide any other aircraft capably of firing AMRAAM missiles with a SEAD capability; however it the combination of this missile with LO that offers the most advantages. Such a missile could be fitted to the F/A-22 with good effect, but because of the limited size of the internal weapons bays this would reduce the number of other weapons carried.
Other fourth generation could employ this weapon without affecting the RCS of the aircraft.
In the future it is likely that weapons designed for internal storage in the F/A-22 & F-35 weapons bay will be used on UAV and UCAV aircraft to provide a SEAD capability.
Conclusion
If an AR version of the Meteor Missile were to be developed (possibly using the new HARM seeker), as has been suggested, by Italy and the US, it could provide the JSF with a significant SEAD capability.
When deployed in a mixed package AR Meteor Missiles could disable ship-borne radar and significantly increase the probability of standoff weapons successfully destroying the target.
As a force multiplier the AR Meteor Missile would increase the effectiveness of the proposed Australian force of F-35 aircraft when engaged with maritime targets, particularly when multiple targets are engaged and they rely on a few ships to provide early warning radar cover.
An AR Meteor Missile could provide SEAD for future UAV & UCAV aircraft.
Chris
p.s. All we need now is the funding to complete the integration of AA version, finish the two-way data-link and get a contract to develop the AR version.