Royal New Zealand Air Force

ngatimozart

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Yep. The Canadian NATO Pilot Training Scheme would also be a good fit.
As would a scheme with the RAF / RN FAA if they have one. Given Brexit the UK HMG may see fit to be of assistance in helping NZ expedite its return to fast jet ops. It may be that in order to quickly obtain sufficient numbers (geopolitical situation dependant), we would have to avail ourselves of more than one scheme simultaneously.
 

ADMk2

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A range of timeframes to reestablish an Air Combat Capability have been suggested over the years ranging from 8 years to 15 years, but also those timeframes vary with respect to the eventual size of the ACF. Indeed to get back to a 1990's era ACW of nearly 40 aircraft would definitely be the wrong side of a decade. However, by contracting into an overseas AJPT & OCU training pipeline the timeframe would be truncated.
If the frontline capability were based on a mature type (ie: indicative F-16 / Super Hornet or perhaps Gripen) I'd suggest an IOC capability similar to that achieved by the RAAF wouldn't be out of the question, ie: 3 years...

Of course that would be for a rudimentary fast jet capability and one that would need time to build redundancy, experience in a range of roles and so forth, however some capability would be quicker than others.
 

t68

Well-Known Member
World War 2 and I never said that it was at the detriment of another. The RNZAF, NZ Army and the NZ Division of the RN expanded very quickly. When the Pacific War started the RNZAF, RNZN and NZ Army expanded exponentially again. The RNZAF had 7 combat sqns in the UK and a similar number in the Pacific. The RNZN went from one cruiser to two which would've been 3, except the Neptune was sunk in the Med when it hit a mine. It also operated ships in the Solomons with the USN. The NZ Army had the 2nd NZ Division in Egypt, UK, North Africa and Italy with the British and Allied Armies and the 3rd NZ Division in the Solomons with the US Army.
I did say besides the World War's, but would be interesting to see if which service got majority of the money for all the other times such as Korea, Borneo , Vietnam and the height of the Cold War. A flash point can occur at anytime one only has to look at the Cuban Missile Crisis to see how fast the strategic situation can change.*


The premise is that the pollies get a humongous fright because of the deteriorating geopolitical situation.*
Problem with that is the strategic stituation can change over a matter of weeks or months, no time to increase capabilty in that time. But say they do get the fright and open the purse strings in readiness for the next situation.

Hence there would be a change in CONOPS because of the change in the situation.*
Rules may well be bent, given the situation, as we saw in the Falklands with HMS Conqueror with the rule book being placed on top of EO with the blessing of the CO, but fundamentally the CONOPS will be defined by the original limitations of the budget force planning parameters.

If you were in the upper echelons of RNZAF and you had a budget of X amount and your force planning showed Y amount of aircraft would be needed to meet the expectations, *would you then recommend*
A, get the cheaper aircraft that meets your force planning and CONOPS at the time ( say 18x F35A) or,

B, choose a more expensive aircraft which has an inherit flexibility greater than what is defined by your force planning and CONOPS, but the trade off is less aircraft defined by force planning needs(12x F35B)



If, as I suggested the F35B training, was done by the USN & USMC then they would already have the deck experience. CONOPS are not writ large on granite tablets;*
Yep as I said rules can be bent or broken subject to the strategic situation.*

But why don't we see RAAF aircraft operating off USN flat tops, our aircraft are compatible some of our pilots have been training within the USN off its carrier force *it would be quite cheaper to slip into the USN log train whilst onboard. We don't do it because it's fundament change from our CONOPS it requires ongoing training in peacetime so that allied nations can work to there strengths in wartime.*

MOD EDIT:
Time to take this discussion over into the Private Message zone as it is killing the thread. Cheers MrC
 
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swerve

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Think needs for a third or even fourth Frigate should come before the return of a ACF and a true Amphibous Warfare ship.

Canberra/JC1 are too large NZ needs and the idea of flying F35B off them are just not going to happen. Just look at the shit storm with the ADF over B's for CBR and we have a generous air combat capabilty.

In an ideal world I'd like the Singaporeans to build the JMMS based on the Endurance class, but that seems to be getting less likely as time goes on, other option which I havnt really looked at as yet is the new Italian LHD,but for NZ a pair of Rotterdam Class could also work.
The new Italian LHD is over 20000 tons. Maybe a modified Kalaat beni Abbes/San Giorgio would do - or even go to Daesun for a variant of the Makassar class.
 

MrConservative

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http://www.defence.govt.nz/pdfs/c-17/2016-23-c-17-concept-update.pdf

Looking at the papers released relating to the potential C-17 purchase earlier this year, three options were mentioned for the two B757s if a C-17 was purchased:
a) keep both aircraft and reduce flying hours to 750 hrs/year
b) sell one aircraft and fly the other 750 hrs/year
c) sell both and replace with modern commercial narrow-body (possibly leased)


http://www.defence.govt.nz/pdfs/c-17/2016-34-c-17-acquisition-options.pdf

In this paper the preferred option has been redacted, but paras 21 and 22 make me thing it is (c).

Certainly, this demonstrates that the concept of a new civilian passenger aircraft for carrying out some functions currently delivered by the B757s is acceptable to NZDF.

http://www.defence.govt.nz/pdfs/c-17/2016-20-c-17-update.pdf

This paper provides a good overview. Para 50 onwards briefly summarizes the options for Antarctic support. The authors seem particularly keen to kill the idea of purchasing a civilian wide-body.

Apologies to those who have seen this material before - some recent discussion makes me think it hasn't been widely read.
Thanks for the reposted links 40South. The above confirms to me that the C-17 x 2 is clearly the best solution over the next 30-40 years for stratlift, with a leased B73 BCF-800 in light of synergies with hopefully a P-8 fleet in the bits and bobs taskings.
 

Lucasnz

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Followng the debate of the C-130 replacement I am inclined to agree with those that advocate a C-17 and C-130 option. As others have noted the option offers the lowest risk path, greater commonality of equipment with our closest freinds. Also in looking at the timeframes the C-130 / C17 path seems to be the only viable option that appears capable of meeting timeframes and ensuring ensuring a rapid transition to full operational capablity.

One aspect that hasn't been talked about in great detail is the requirement for carrying out some MPA tasking. While the C-295 brings that capablity, Lockhead offer the ability (abiet unproven) to transfer the equipment on the P-3 to the C-130 in pallet form (as advocated in the Sea Herc). This offers some benefit to NZ if it can be acheived in terms of capital cost outlay and training costs.
 

Rob c

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It also requires funds that have to be taken away from the fast jet capability, additional infrastructure that is needed for the additional types and so on.

If NZ needs an air combat capability for a 'global war' type scenario I would argue it would be far better off joining the Canadian NATO Pilot Training Scheme or similar, get it's fast jet suitable pilots trained up and converted onto a viable frontline type and concentrate on developing a credible frontline capability, than splitting it's available resources on an AJT that has some ability to pull 'double duty' AND a necessarily more limited frontline capability...
The use of an overseas provider is attractive given you don't have to come up with the capital costs straight up, but the provider will include his capital costs recovery and such things as instructor training costs etc in his charge out rate so as you are probably dealing with a higher wge economy, over a period of time you could wind up spending more than if you do it yourself. Not forgetting that they will want to make a profit from the deal. The real decisions are do you want to spend the money up front or do you want to spread the payments out. Do you want an increased combat ability and do you want to spend your money in your own economy or in someone else's.
The initial reason for a ACF must be for your own defence, the security of your own people and regional defence.
 

Rob c

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A range of timeframes to reestablish an Air Combat Capability have been suggested over the years ranging from 8 years to 15 years, but also those timeframes vary with respect to the eventual size of the ACF. Indeed to get back to a 1990's era ACW of nearly 40 aircraft would definitely be the wrong side of a decade. However, by contracting into an overseas AJPT & OCU training pipeline the timeframe would be truncated.
The problem on time is simply building up the the leadership group with the necessary training and experience. and there is no real substitute to time on the job when building up experience. For example, when i was in 75sqn it took abouty 10- I2 years for a pilot to reach flight leader status (a lot never made it) and that was in a fully operational environment I think that using overseas training would be essential otherwise the time needed to get to the required level could easily balloon out. The other option would be to contract in the leadership from overseas, wether by exchange or hiring retired suitable pilots from other air forces. For example the RAF dropped 160+ pilots about 5 years ago. If used these would need refresher courses, but this would be a lot quicker than starting from scratch.
 

Rob c

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Thanks for the reposted links 40South. The above confirms to me that the C-17 x 2 is clearly the best solution over the next 30-40 years for stratlift, with a leased B73 BCF-800 in light of synergies with hopefully a P-8 fleet in the bits and bobs taskings.
As the papers id not discuss other options and types I think it is a little premature to say that this is the best choice The C17 would be a good choice but a slightly smaller aircraft, A400/C2 in greater numbers, say 3, would give greater flexibility. The RFI on the strategic freighter seem to be moving away from an airline type aircraft , but there is still a long way to go with this procurement. and I would expect the above aircraft to full this role.
 

MrConservative

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As the papers id not discuss other options and types I think it is a little premature to say that this is the best choice The C17 would be a good choice but a slightly smaller aircraft, A400/C2 in greater numbers, say 3, would give greater flexibility. The RFI on the strategic freighter seem to be moving away from an airline type aircraft , but there is still a long way to go with this procurement. and I would expect the above aircraft to full this role.
The A400M and C2 were discussed in the document from clause 50 noting that they were at that time 2015 still undeveloped along with other options with the clear resonation being capability in the Antarctic role. Looking at role outputs required across the wider NZDF / NZG - 2 x C-17 and a single leased 73-BCF would provide greater output flexibility in totality than just simply a strategic freight role - with the C-130J in the tactical role that output in totality is amplified across the fleet spectrum. This is not to say that the C-2 and the A400M wont do the job - it is that the C-17 + leased BCF is a safer and more synergetic bet, due to logistical support, a wider tasking spectrum and particularly within the context of integrating with close partners over the long term.
 

40 deg south

Well-Known Member
The A400M and C2 were discussed in the document from clause 50 noting that they were at that time 2015 still undeveloped along with other options with the clear resonation being capability in the Antarctic role. Looking at role outputs required across the wider NZDF / NZG - 2 x C-17 and a single leased 73-BCF would provide greater output flexibility in totality than just simply a strategic freight role - with the C-130J in the tactical role that output in totality is amplified across the fleet spectrum. This is not to say that the C-2 and the A400M wont do the job - it is that the C-17 + leased BCF is a safer and more synergetic bet, due to logistical support, a wider tasking spectrum and particularly within the context of integrating with close partners over the long term.
MrC
I have a similar view. The C-2 and A400 might actually be a size that is better-suited to NZ needs, but that is offset by the use of C-17 by many of our closest defence partners. Unlike you, I'm inclined towards the view that C-17's chance has passed, and we will be choosing among the alternatives.

I think a commercial narrow-body (owned or leased) is looking almost inevitable for VIP and personnel transport, given none of the strategic freight haulers are well suited to this role.
 

Rob c

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I have been thinking (I know, could be dangerous at my age) about the release of the RFI for the P3 replacement. As they have just upgraded the ASW function I would not expect to see a replacement for about 10 years, so why release the RFI so early?
While at this time the P8 is the obvious choice, is it to give other manufactures time to meet the spec? Is there something else in the pipeline? For example a replacement for the French and Italian Atlantic's, maybe time for the P1 systems to mature into an equal to the P8? The time factor is interesting.
 

chis73

Active Member
MrC
I have a similar view. The C-2 and A400 might actually be a size that is better-suited to NZ needs, but that is offset by the use of C-17 by many of our closest defence partners. Unlike you, I'm inclined towards the view that C-17's chance has passed, and we will be choosing among the alternatives.

I think a commercial narrow-body (owned or leased) is looking almost inevitable for VIP and personnel transport, given none of the strategic freight haulers are well suited to this role.
I agree with 40degS. My gut feeling is that the opportunity for more than one C-17 has well and truly past. If the C-17 option was still in play;

a) we would have taken it up by now. With only one whitetail remaining, it only needs one of the current operators to have an accident and it will be gone. The fact that there is only one probably means a new operator (rather than an existing user) is unlikely to take it.

b) the MOD wouldn't have released the document dump. They would have claimed 'commercial sensitivity' or some such.

Note that we have passed on both a sale and a lease of the last whitetail.

---

One of the 'inherent contradictions' (to use a nice turn of phrase, from Karl Marx I think) in the FAMC RFI is that purely commercial aircraft are unacceptable, but then they make VIP capability for the strategic aircraft essential. I can't see a non-passenger aircraft being acceptable for VIP. So can't see A400M, C-17, or C-2 doing this role.

---

For me there are 4 major bidders (none of which can offer a complete package across the FAMC & FASC categories).

a) Boeing (probably in the strongest position):
FAMC - at least one C-17 (however unlikely that is now). Probably the KC-390 in partnership with Embraer. A 737 (probably -800) variant for strategic passenger/freight/VIP. Unlikely: perhaps a 767 tanker.
FASC - P-8

b) Airbus:
FAMC - A400M, probably backed with C295. Perhaps A320 or A330 (unlikely) for strategic/VIP.
FASC - only C295. They have a serious weakness here.

c) Kawasaki / Japan:
FAMC - C-2. Perhaps a KC-767J tanker transport conversion for strategic/VIP
FASC - P-1

d) Lockheed Martin (perhaps the weakest):
FAMC - C-130J (probably favourite for tactical due to timeframe). They have nothing for heavy-lift or strategic/VIP.
FASC - Sea Hercules (still vapourware).

That leaves Embraer to perhaps offer the KC-390 separately by themselves, and Alenia with the C-27J (not sure who they would partner with - LM, Kawasaki?). Might get bids from China & Russia (& Ukraine), but I doubt they would succeed.

---

Mr C, why the enthusiasm for the Pilatus PC-24 for the MEPT role? We have been using 2nd-hand leased B200 Kingair turboprops for the last 18 years. Before that, a job-lot of 2nd-hand Andovers and ex-AirNZ Friendships. The last new aircraft used in the MEPT role were the inadequate Cessna C421 Golden Eagles (1981 - 1991, back when NZ spent 2% GDP), and before that the DH104 Devons (bought 1948-55). What makes you think we will stump up for brand-new aircraft for this role? Twin-jets as well? Think of the Capital Charge / depreciation & operating costs. I could accept ex-RAAF B350s, as an opportunistic purchase, but PC-24s? The only air force going to twin-jets I am aware of is the RAF with leased Embraer Phenom 100s (tiny, I think 4-6 passengers).
 

MrConservative

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MrC
I have a similar view. The C-2 and A400 might actually be a size that is better-suited to NZ needs, but that is offset by the use of C-17 by many of our closest defence partners. Unlike you, I'm inclined towards the view that C-17's chance has passed, and we will be choosing among the alternatives.

I think a commercial narrow-body (owned or leased) is looking almost inevitable for VIP and personnel transport, given none of the strategic freight haulers are well suited to this role.
There is no doubt that the C-17 has fallen somewhat but it was only knocked off by the short term political expediency of achieving a budget surplus by the 2016 target. Basically I am hoping that common sense or intelligence in the cognitive sense has a miraculous second coming within the stolid craniums of some people in WLG. Possibly asking for to much there ....

If the C-17 is not selected (I note that I asked a SC member mid year who said all options are still been considered as he understands) - we will look back and write about this in the future here on DT noting that failure even to entertain an option of a couple of airframes as a 'hedge' when the final 10 whitetails were available was one of the major defence missed opportunities. The irony is that in 2017 have the cash to pay for both of them going on our recent $1.8B surplus. The opportunity cost is the opportunity lost! Lets hope the bridesmaid alternatives pan out.

I agree that at least a single owned / leased narrow body Combi is favourable because we need to do things that military transports do not do all that effectively. However, I do believe that we require sizable military transport which can airlift an a medium helicopter / modern IFV.
 

MrConservative

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Mr C, why the enthusiasm for the Pilatus PC-24 for the MEPT role? We have been using 2nd-hand leased B200 Kingair turboprops for the last 18 years. Before that, a job-lot of 2nd-hand Andovers and ex-AirNZ Friendships. The last new aircraft used in the MEPT role were the inadequate Cessna C421 Golden Eagles (1981 - 1991, back when NZ spent 2% GDP), and before that the DH104 Devons (bought 1948-55). What makes you think we will stump up for brand-new aircraft for this role? Twin-jets as well? Think of the Capital Charge / depreciation & operating costs. I could accept ex-RAAF B350s, as an opportunistic purchase, but PC-24s? The only air force going to twin-jets I am aware of is the RAF with leased Embraer Phenom 100s (tiny, I think 4-6 passengers).
Chris. I am going to let you work out why or scroll back into the thread to see how I think it is a better choice for us in the years ahead over the Beechcraft rather than just tell you. See Post 4398 July 8 and Post 4704 August 24.
 
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ngatimozart

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I have been thinking (I know, could be dangerous at my age) about the release of the RFI for the P3 replacement.
Rob thinking at our age is only dangerous if there is no medicine handy. For clarification medicine is defined as beer + rum and / or whiskey. This definition was my fathers who was RNZAF Pacific WW2.
As they have just upgraded the ASW function I would not expect to see a replacement for about 10 years, so why release the RFI so early?
While at this time the P8 is the obvious choice, is it to give other manufactures time to meet the spec? Is there something else in the pipeline? For example a replacement for the French and Italian Atlantic's, maybe time for the P1 systems to mature into an equal to the P8? The time factor is interesting.
I think that the RFI is out now because of the limited production run on the P8 and the synergies they are after between the FAMC and FASC. One item that did tweak my interest, is that Boeing is the contractor for the P3K2 ASW upgrades and I read somewhere that some of the P8 systems will be utilised in the upgrade. I'll have to try and find that article again.
 

Rob c

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Rob thinking at our age is only dangerous if there is no medicine handy. For clarification medicine is defined as beer + rum and / or whiskey. This definition was my fathers who was RNZAF Pacific WW2.

I think that the RFI is out now because of the limited production run on the P8 and the synergies they are after between the FAMC and FASC. One item that did tweak my interest, is that Boeing is the contractor for the P3K2 ASW upgrades and I read somewhere that some of the P8 systems will be utilised in the upgrade. I'll have to try and find that article again.
I will also add wine to the medicine list, I think you are right regarding the upgrade and as the other systems in the K2 are ahead of anything on any other P3 it would make the K2 a fairly formidable beast. That would also explain the cheap price.
 
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ADMk2

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The use of an overseas provider is attractive given you don't have to come up with the capital costs straight up, but the provider will include his capital costs recovery and such things as instructor training costs etc in his charge out rate so as you are probably dealing with a higher wge economy, over a period of time you could wind up spending more than if you do it yourself. Not forgetting that they will want to make a profit from the deal. The real decisions are do you want to spend the money up front or do you want to spread the payments out. Do you want an increased combat ability and do you want to spend your money in your own economy or in someone else's.
The initial reason for a ACF must be for your own defence, the security of your own people and regional defence.
You would if you were the sole customer for such a solution, but the Canadian NATO Pilot Training scheme (NATO is included in the name, but is open to Canadian allies, with Saudi and UAE pilots also trained under this system) has been operating for years and the capital costs I would suggest have been amortised across many users already. I don't doubt that CAE make a profit out of this exercise (or it wouldn't work) however compared to the start up costs of building your own training fleet, the 'profit cost' of such a scheme are a veritable drop in the ocean.

Besides, we are talking about a situation I thought, where an air combat capability is to be created virtually from scratch, due to declining world strategic conditions... Placing fast jet capable pilots through such a scheme is going to (by far) be the quickest way to develop a domestic air combat capability.

1. Develop the doctrine, requirements and business case for the capability.

2. Begin selecting and developingyour pilots locally through basic flight on the T-6C.

3. Select and order the aircraft, support and infrastructure needed to operate a combat aircraft.

4. Put the pilots through the NPTS (or similar).

5. Move onto type conversion in the host country you are buying the aircraft from, including maintenance training.

6. Bring local contractor support, infrastructure on-line.

7. Deliver aircraft locally and commence the build-up of capability towards IOC and eventually FOC.

8. Bed the capability down and work over time towards developing operational mastery of the capability and develop interoperability with allies and a deployable capability.

What faster way is there going to be, to do it given many of the above steps will be concurrent?
 

Rob c

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You would if you were the sole customer for such a solution, but the Canadian NATO Pilot Training scheme (NATO is included in the name, but is open to Canadian allies, with Saudi and UAE pilots also trained under this system) has been operating for years and the capital costs I would suggest have been amortised across many users already. I don't doubt that CAE make a profit out of this exercise (or it wouldn't work) however compared to the start up costs of building your own training fleet, the 'profit cost' of such a scheme are a veritable drop in the ocean.

Besides, we are talking about a situation I thought, where an air combat capability is to be created virtually from scratch, due to declining world strategic conditions... Placing fast jet capable pilots through such a scheme is going to (by far) be the quickest way to develop a domestic air combat capability.

1. Develop the doctrine, requirements and business case for the capability.

2. Begin selecting and developingyour pilots locally through basic flight on the T-6C.

3. Select and order the aircraft, support and infrastructure needed to operate a combat aircraft.

4. Put the pilots through the NPTS (or similar).

5. Move onto type conversion in the host country you are buying the aircraft from, including maintenance training.

6. Bring local contractor support, infrastructure on-line.

7. Deliver aircraft locally and commence the build-up of capability towards IOC and eventually FOC.

8. Bed the capability down and work over time towards developing operational mastery of the capability and develop interoperability with allies and a deployable capability.

What faster way is there going to be, to do it given many of the above steps will be concurrent?
With more customers they would need more aircraft / facilities/instructors so your part of the capital/operational costs remains similar though scale would increase efficiency and if the ta/fa 50 solution was chosen you eliminate operational type conversion and the purchase costs and infrastructure would be common to both types . There is no doubt if we went down the ACF parth we would need significant help Again you need to decide do you want your money to boost someone else's economy or your own.
 
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