I had taken the 'pop gun' comment as more directed against vessels being kitted out with a small calibre gun with (just) the capabilities of a Bushmaster. By way of comparison, the RN's MSI DS30M Mk 2 mounting with a 30 mm Bushmaster II gun has a max ROF of ~200 rpm, while the MSI DS30B mounting with a 30 mm Oerlikon KCB gun, like can be found on RAN Huon-class MHC's, has a max ROF of ~650 rpm.
Of course the actual number of shots which could be fired in a minute would be lower, due to the limited amount of ammunition immediately available on the gun mount, but a higher ROF would permit rapid bursts which would IMO be more likely to be effective vs. aerial targets/threats, especially if some of the specialty rounds like AHEAD were used. By sticking with just the Bushmaster though, a vessel so kitted will have a gun that is only effective vs. smallcraft, as opposed to having potential dual-use in a CIWS/air defence role as well as against smallcraft.
My understanding is that the bustmaster series were at best having a conservative rate of fire up to 200 RPM. For most constabulary stuff this would be fine.
As to aerial engagement, I guess the question is what are you firing at? Using the larger 30 mm round with some of the new "Smart " AHEAD technology they would certainly have a much improved capability compared to older generations of systems: but is this enough?
It's one thing to provide some inner layer of defence against a SLOW low flying small drones / UAV's ,helicopter's or aircraft. Another thing to defend against fast moving incoming ASM's.
Would the DS30B with a 30 mm gun be up for the challenge with its higher rate of fire mated to an effective fire control ..........I'm not sure.( But open to be corrected )
I'd suggest the way forward for gun based CIWS, will be finding the correct balance between rate of fire and the use of smart and larger ammunition.
SMART v VOLUME
I think this does not favour your 20 mm phalanx type systems for the range of threats emerging
Will this mean the 30 mm round still has a place, I'm not sure. I think smart rounds may lend themselves to a slightly larger calibre with the associated beneficent of increased range and weight of shot.
In this case the millennium gum comes to mind. Good rate of fire with a large 35 mm calibre of smart ammunition.
Maybe the the 40 mm round has yet again reinvented it's self. Good range and weight of shot with the trade off, of a slower rate of fire
This round may be the way forward with ships limited space competing for the correct range of weapons but still required to fulfil the full range of operational requirements from the low end to the high end.
After all destroyers are not OPV's,even though they may be employed in such constabulary tasks for much of the time for reasons of expediency.
They need a gun for all occasions.
Regards S.