Royal Australian Navy Discussions and Updates 2.0

swerve

Super Moderator
Japan recently upped its ESSM production capabilities. Looks like they are committing to ESSM for other ships. I think previously RAM was their go to.
I think they replaced Sea Sparrow with ESSM on all their destroyers. RAM's used as a CIWS on the Izumo & Mogami classes, but I've not heard that it's on other ships.
 

ADMk2

Just a bloke
Staff member
Verified Defense Pro
I thought that Ise & Hyuga have ESSM, as well as the Murasame, Takanami, Akizuki & Asahi class. The old Asagiri class had Sea Sparrow: I don't know if they've changed to ESSM.

They test fired a new Japanese SAM (A-SAM) at sea in 2023. Don't know when it'll enter service. AFAIK all Japanese SAMs in service are land-based: their naval SAMs are all American so far. Japan tests new A-SAM system at sea - Naval News
The JMSDF has released what we would define as a “request for tender” for the integration of ESSM into their “non-AEGIS” ships including (presumably) Mogami and (it is assumed) upcoming FFM.

Similar in concept no doubt to their previously stated intention to integrate NSM onto Mogami and (assumed) FFM as well.

Accordingly, despite many of the handwringers, things seem to be lining up quite nicely for RAN’s intended acquisition of Mogami FFM. Mk.45 127mm gun, ESSM, NSM, MH-60R Romeo and enablers (Hellfire, Mk.54 etc).

Learning the new ship, new CMS, radar systems etc will take some work, but as it is a direct replacement with the ANZAC Class with it’s 9LV / CEAFAR combo, the training impost must be at least “manageable”.

I would imagine spots are filling up fast on Japanese language courses though… Liaison spots would likely be highly sought after I imagine…

IMG_3799.png
 

SammyC

Well-Known Member
It's worth keeping in mind that crew requirements are primarily a function of each navy's operating practices, not a function of technology.

The more we learn about the Mogamis, the more apparent it is that there is no "secret sauce" around manning that the Japanese somehow magically discovered. What's really happening (as far as I can tell) is that the JMSDF cut crew numbers by accepting compromises in several key warfighting areas that would be unacceptable to other navies, starting with cuts to damage control and maintenance teams. They've also eliminated at-sea training by eliminating junior crew positions (which is how many navies handle career paths, by on-the-job apprenticeship).

There is nothing new here (IMHO) that hasn't already been tried in the last 20 years elsewhere, e.g. USN (LCS) and the RSN (Formidable class), with mixed success.

While Singapore certainly seems to be happy operating their frigates with core crews of only 71, it's worth noting that when the French Navy tried to do the same with basically the same technology in their FREMM frigates (built by the same yard), they quickly found that they had to increase core crews from 94 to 109 to reduce fatigue during longer stints at sea. And even that wasn't enough for "combat" deployments... so now following a decade of operational experience they are increasing their frigate core crews (again) to 131-144 sailors... TWICE Singapore's baseline, and 40-50% over their initial starting point for the FREMMs.

So it all comes down to watchkeeping practices (are you preparing for 4-6 month long combat deployments to the Red Sea or just patrolling home waters?), maintenance & damage control practices, how many boarding teams you need, whether you want junior crew members to learn only ashore or by being embedded inside an operational crew etc. To illustrate with some numbers, a FREMM's combat operations team is 70-80 sailors. That's what's considered necessary to maintain permanent 24/7 watches in all warfare areas for 30+ days at sea. Then you have a "platform" crew of ~30 sailors to handle engineering, damage control watches, as well as ongoing maintenance. Finally you also need ~30 sailors to support the crew (everything from cooks to admin to boarding teams).

You can of course cut all that. Fewer cooks & admin, no dedicated boarding teams, no dedicated damage control watch or ongoing maintenance. Cut watchstanders from 3 watches to 2 watches. Skimp on your SIGINT and sonar watch - maybe let a computer do the job for you. Eliminate dedicated weapons crews who would reload guns and decoys in the middle of a firefight. No doctor on board, no one to handle logistics during foreign port calls or to manage spare parts, no secretary to handle administrative duties. No problem, core crew is now well under 100! Good luck maintaining combat readiness during a 4-6 month deployment to the Red Sea or South China Sea...
I think it is a compliment of both operating practices and technology.

A ship's crew already changes depending on its activity. It varies considerably depending on the deployment. During my time on ANZACs we could vary from 160 up to over 240 people.

I suspect Mogamis work on a similar principle. They have beds I understand for upwards of 140 people, and we will have additional trainees above the official number. Extra crew will be embarked for differing missions

We never had a doctor, except on long overseas deployments. For the majority of the time, a medic (similar qualifications to a civilian ambulance crew) is the senior medical person onboard. They are very good and to be honest I would rather be treated for an injury by a military medic than a doctor. They know how to stop bleeding fast.

I remember there were similar arguments regarding crew size reductions when we went from the Charles Adams and River classes down to the Hobart, ANZAC and Perry class crew sizes. I think similar concerns were mounted then regarding crew fatigue, full ship functionality and damage control capability.

All in all the newer classes continued to operate, albeit differently, but to the same effect.

Activities like damage control evolve. The practices used on a Charles Adams were very different to an ANZAC, which will be different to a Mogami. The changes bring about a lot of new strengths, but sometimes some new weaknesses as well. The art is how crews adapt to these changes to harness the strengths and mitigate the weaknesses.
 

76mmGuns

Well-Known Member
Japan recently upped its ESSM production capabilities. Looks like they are committing to ESSM for other ships. I think previously RAM was their go to.
Any idea what their yearly production rate will be? I saw the US only received 500 since 2022


A follow up post showed each AB would only receive 7 ESSM's , if they only had 500 ESSM's.
 

ADMk2

Just a bloke
Staff member
Verified Defense Pro
Any idea what their yearly production rate will be? I saw the US only received 500 since 2022


A follow up post showed each AB would only receive 7 ESSM's , if they only had 500 ESSM's.
Only 7x Block II’s averaged out across the entire fleet being at sea at the same time and not counting the thousands strong inventory of Block I…

Things aren’t quite as grim as they are made out, but missile production at politically acceptable peace-time production rates has put us in this situation…
 

SammyC

Well-Known Member
Any idea what their yearly production rate will be? I saw the US only received 500 since 2022


A follow up post showed each AB would only receive 7 ESSM's , if they only had 500 ESSM's.
Japan establishing an ESSM production line might be why we have not seen any movement from our own Government on ESSM production.

Hard to justify two lines in SE Asia, provided Japan has the capacity we need as well.

We may get the added benefit of increased parts supply into their production line.
 

Todjaeger

Potstirrer
Arafuras do as well.
It was my understanding that the Arafura-class OPV has elements of the 9LV, including workstations/interfaces, but not a complete 9LV system. If this is an accurate understanding, that would negatively impact any efforts to expand the OPV's capabilities in ways which would require greater electronics or computing capability or expanded use/participation in datalinks. Can anyone confirm whether this is correct or not?
 

swerve

Super Moderator
Japan establishing an ESSM production line might be why we have not seen any movement from our own Government on ESSM production.

Hard to justify two lines in SE Asia, provided Japan has the capacity we need as well.
A quibble: Japan is in NE Asia.

Totting up the ships, I think the JMSDF has about 1000 Mk41 cells on 28 ships, & a couple of hundred Mk 48 on 7 other ships & some of the 28. Of course, most of those cells will hold other missiles, but if they all put to sea with a full war load that'd probably include several hundred ESSM.

I suspect that Japanese production will be on a bigger scale than Australian would be likely to be.
 
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