F/A-22: To Fly High or Get its Wings Clipped

JWCook

Defense Professional
Verified Defense Pro
Hmm how does home on jam work with a system such as crosseye?,

Carlo Kopp provides an explanation (god help me!)
Monopulse radars are notoriously difficult to jam and require more cunning techniques such as cross eye jamming. A cross eye jammer employs two deception repeaters which retransmit the impinging radar signal with set time delays. By situating the transmitting antennas at the extremities of the aircraft (eg out on the wings) and manipulating the time delays, the cross-eye jammer distorts the shape (and hence perceived direction) of the returned echo (wavefront). A monopulse tracking system aligns itself with the direction of the incoming return from the target and is thus driven off the target.
So AIUI the jamming signal is just distorting the return not actually jamming it.

Cheers
 

ali.uaf

New Member
Viktor said:
F-22 is mutch batter fighter than a Su-37 but to use computer simulations makes no sence - you can not enter all factors in the equation that may have imact on the combat + it is 4th generation plane against 5th.
But look- it states that you need 4 Su-37 to defet 1 Typhoon - this is sensless - I dont know - I would rather say one Su-37 for 1.5 Typhoon.
Hey guyz .... here is what i found on wikipedia about tha ratio of Su-30 and Su-30 Mki to Typhone , Raptor , Rafale , F15C and F-18 .....
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4th_generation_jet_fighter
sorry off topic but it says that Indian Su-30 made 3 to 1 kill ratio against
F-15C :confused:
 

Grand Danois

Entertainer
ali.uaf said:
Hey guyz .... here is what i found on wikipedia about tha ratio of Su-30 and Su-30 Mki to Typhone , Raptor , Rafale , F15C and F-18 .....
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4th_generation_jet_fighter
sorry off topic but it says that Indian Su-30 made 3 to 1 kill ratio against
F-15C :confused:
Explanation for that can be found on this Defencetalk Sticky:

Dissimilar Air Combat Training (DACT)

The wiki link you provided also explains it:

The results of an exercise in 2004 pitting USAF F-15 Eagles against Indian Air Force Su-30MKs, Mirage 2000s, MiG-29s and even the elderly MiG-21 have been widely publicised, with the Indians winning "90% of the mock combat missions" [23]. Another report [24] claims that the kind of systemic factors mentioned in the previous section were heavily weighted against the F-15s. According to this report, the F-15s were outnumbered 3-to-1. The rules of the exercise also allowed the Indian side the use of a simulated AWACS providing location information, and allowed them to use the full fire-and-forget active radar of simulated MBDA Mica and AA-12 missiles. The F-15s, by contrast, were not permitted to simulate the full range of the AMRAAM (restricted to 32 km when the full range is claimed in the report to be over 100km), nor to use the AMRAAM’s own radar systems to guide itself in fire-and-forget mode (rather relying on the F-15’s internal radar for the purpose). None of the F-15s were equipped with the latest AESA radars, which are fitted to some, but not all, of the USAF’s F-15 fleet.
;)
 

hot222

New Member
B.Smitty said:
Not necessarily. APG-77 on the Raptor has what's called a Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) mode, that makes it hard for current generation Radar Warning Receivers to pick it up. IIRC, rumor has it that it uses some combination of spread spectrum techniques.

Also, it's possible down the road that pairs of Raptors could use cooperative engagement tactics where one stands off and locks on the target, while the other stays silent, closes, and takes the shot using datalinked information from the first, or actually handing off missile control to the first.
1. What was the date that APG-77 rolled out from production? That will give you a lot of anwsers.

2. Cooperative engagements today is possible through data-link from all kind of modern fighters. From F-16Blk52, Typhoon, even Apaches.
 

hot222

New Member
Radar jammer is not blocking radar pulse back to source. It is fooling it. Read radar theory... that will give you all the answers.
 

B.Smitty

Defense Professional
Verified Defense Pro
hot222 said:
2. Cooperative engagements today is possible through data-link from all kind of modern fighters. From F-16Blk52, Typhoon, even Apaches.
Cooperative engagement is possible with other fighters, but the combination of stealth and the massively capable APG-77 should make this an especially effective tactic for the Raptor.
 

TrangleC

New Member
ajay_ijn quotet a Jane's article in this thread:
http://www.defencetalk.com/forums/showthread.php?t=5149
That might be of interest in this discussion too.

I'm quoting from that article:
"A third lesson is that WVR is an equalizer. "An F-5 or a MiG-21 with a high-off-boresight missile and HMD is as capable in a 1-v-1 as an F-22," comments a former navy fighter pilot, now a civilian program manager. "In visual combat, everybody dies at the same rate," says RAND's Lambeth. Indeed, he says that a larger fighter like the F-22 may be at a disadvantage. In the early 1980s force-on-force exercises at the navy's Top Gun fighter school, F-14s were routinely seen and shot down by smaller F-5s flown by the navy's Aggressor units. An F-22 which slows down to enter a WVR combat also gives up the advantage of supersonic maneuverability."

I know, the F-22 fans here will say that a F-5 or MIG-21 would never be able to reach WVR with a F-22, but simply the fact that military experts are thinking so much about such possibilities and how new missile technology will influence air combat (read the whole article), speaks for itself.
 

contedicavour

New Member
weasel1962 said:
lol. In theory, everything is possible. Even a spitfire can down a F22 since the spit probably has a str better than the F22.

In practice, when was the last time a F15, F16, F18 ever been down by a WVR missile in air combat?

Just to illustrate how difficult it is. F22 cruises at 1200kph or more. That's equivalent of 10km every 30 seconds. Trying to get into WVR of any aircraft is not as easy as it sounds. Trying to get into WVR of a stealth one is even more so.

http://www.codeonemagazine.com/archives/2005/articles/jul_05/airspace/index.html

"We joke about our missions against the raptor because they can be fairly boring. We fly to the range. Die. Go to the tanker. Go back out. Die. Go back to the tanker. Go back out. Die a third time. Then we go home," - F16 pilot

http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1433216/posts
The F22's leadership is light years ahead, no contest.
However did it make sense to build something so expensive that you can only afford 180 (guess how few we could buy in good old Europe with our poor defence budgets) or wouldn't it have been better to buy more less sophisticated gen5 fighters ? Or, even better, why not just buy exclusively F35s, which is already considered superior to anything else that will be flying on Earth (excl F22) around 2010 when it will become operational ??

cheers
 

TrangleC

New Member
How come everybody is praising the F-35 so much yet? Actually there isn't so much known about it and i heard a lot of critical and sceptical voices from experts.

It might be a fine machine to perform the things it was build for, but we have to keep in mind that it is a STOVL fighter, which means that it has to deal with certain technological compromizes.
It has to carry around the vertical lift equipment that is only dead weight and steals a lot of space once it is in the air. It also has to provide and lose space for the internal weapons bay. In the case of the large F-22 that is not such a problem, but the F-35 is a rather small, single engine fighter. Every qubic centimetre of the aircraft's body you have to spare for an internal weapons bay and the the big vertical lift turbine, is missed for other components.
So there is a heavy prize to pay for the STOVL ability that poses a disadvantage compared to aircraft that don't need to carry around vertical lifting gear.

So even without knowing very detailed technical data about the F-35, you can assume that it simply cannot be superior to a twin engine, delta wing machine that hasn't to burden the technological compromises of a STOVL aircraft.

Just like the Harrier was and is a very fine machine, but never could be superior to conventional fighter aircraft of the same technological niveau.


It really is obvious that many people here think the engineers who designed the Typhoon and the Rafale are stoneage idiots.
What do you actually know about those machines? Where does that great wisdom come from that they are inferior not only to the F-22 and F-35, but even to 20 or 30 years old machines like the F-15 and F-16?
Don't you see how little sense that makes?

Sure, the Typhoon doesn't look like from a science fiction movie as the F-22 and the F-35 do, but what's inside is just as sophisticated and advanced.
The F-22 is way bigger and costs twice as much as the Typhoon, but i see no hint or logical explanation for why the F-35 should be superior to it too, considering the compromises and disadvantages it has to deal with as a STOVL design.
 
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contedicavour

New Member
Waylander said:
The question is if the USAF is maybe doubtfull about the real abilities of the F-35.

PS:
@contedicavour
COuld you please visit this thread. We need some italian there. ;)
http://www.defencetalk.com/forums/showthread.php?t=5100 :help :italy
Hello I've tried to participate to that thread, with items on joint transport aircraft fleet and joint training. If I can contribute more, don't hesitate to write :)
Regarding the F35 I just hope there are no doubts, since the Italian Navy and Air Force both rely on the F35 for our future.

cheers
 

B.Smitty

Defense Professional
Verified Defense Pro
TrangleC said:
How come everybody is praising the F-35 so much yet? Actually there isn't so much known about it and i heard a lot of critical and sceptical voices from experts.

It might be a fine machine to perform the things it was build for, but we have to keep in mind that it is a STOVL fighter, which means that it has to deal with certain technological compromizes.
The F-35B is a STOVL fighter. The F-35A and C are not.

TrangleC said:
It really is obvious that many people here think the engineers who designed the Typhoon and the Rafale are stoneage idiots.
What do you actually know about those machines? Where does that great wisdom come from that they are inferior not only to the F-22 and F-35, but even to 20 or 30 years old machines like the F-15 and F-16?
Don't you see how little sense that makes?
The Typhoon and Rafale aren't stealthy. The F-22 and F-35 are.

Typhoon and Rafale aren't necessarily inferior to the F-15 and F-16, but they aren't significantly superior to them either, IMHO.

TrangleC said:
Sure, the Typhoon doesn't look like from a science fiction movie as the F-22 and the F-35 do, but what's inside is just as sophisticated and advanced.
The F-22 is way bigger and costs twice as much as the Typhoon, but i see no hint or logical explanation for why the F-35 should be superior to it too, considering the compromises and disadvantages it has to deal with as a STOVL design.
Here's data from an independent fighter aircraft cost study (insert huge YMMV disclaimer here).

http://www.defense-aerospace.com/dae/articles/communiques/FighterCostFinalJuly06.pdf

(Unit Procurement Costs)
* Rafale C - $62.1 mil
* Rafale M - $67.9 mil
* JAS-39C Gripen - $68.9 mil
* F-18E - $78.4 mil
* Eurofighter (Germany) - $102.8 mil
* Eurofighter (UK) - $118.6 mil
* F-15E - $108.2 mil
* F-35 - $115 mil
* F-22A - $177.6 mil

So, if true, the F-22 is not twice as expensive as the Typhoon, and the F-35 may even be cheaper.

And again, only the F-35B is a STOVL design, the other two F-35 variants aren't.
 

B.Smitty

Defense Professional
Verified Defense Pro
contedicavour said:
The F22's leadership is light years ahead, no contest.
However did it make sense to build something so expensive that you can only afford 180 (guess how few we could buy in good old Europe with our poor defence budgets) or wouldn't it have been better to buy more less sophisticated gen5 fighters ? Or, even better, why not just buy exclusively F35s, which is already considered superior to anything else that will be flying on Earth (excl F22) around 2010 when it will become operational ??

cheers

Valid questions, however one thing to consider is unit prices decrease with larger buys. So if we were to double the F-22 buy, the price per aircraft would drop significantly.

Plus, if you go by the data in my previous post (again YMMV), you'd only save $70 mil per aircraft (less if more Raptors were bought) buying F-15s over F-22s, but you'd lose the quantum leap in capability the Raptor offers.

Look back at the discussions of 10.1:1 loss ratio in favor of the Raptor against a notional Su-35 in the UK study, vs 0.8:1 for the F-15C. Or look at studies that've shown a single stealthy sortie can replace sorties flown by numerous non-stealthy aircraft. These show that the F-22s combination of stealth, supercruise and avionics can give it a literal order of magnitude increase in capability over the F-15.
 
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B.Smitty

Defense Professional
Verified Defense Pro
TrangleC said:
ajay_ijn quotet a Jane's article in this thread:
http://www.defencetalk.com/forums/showthread.php?t=5149
That might be of interest in this discussion too.

I'm quoting from that article:
"A third lesson is that WVR is an equalizer. "An F-5 or a MiG-21 with a high-off-boresight missile and HMD is as capable in a 1-v-1 as an F-22," comments a former navy fighter pilot, now a civilian program manager. "In visual combat, everybody dies at the same rate," says RAND's Lambeth. Indeed, he says that a larger fighter like the F-22 may be at a disadvantage. In the early 1980s force-on-force exercises at the navy's Top Gun fighter school, F-14s were routinely seen and shot down by smaller F-5s flown by the navy's Aggressor units. An F-22 which slows down to enter a WVR combat also gives up the advantage of supersonic maneuverability."

I know, the F-22 fans here will say that a F-5 or MIG-21 would never be able to reach WVR with a F-22, but simply the fact that military experts are thinking so much about such possibilities and how new missile technology will influence air combat (read the whole article), speaks for itself.
WVR is an equalizer, but the combination of sensors, stealth and supercruise give the Raptor the ability to accept or reject an engagement on its terms. If it doesn't like the engagement parameters, it can simply turn away at M1.5/50kft AGL, without being seen in the first place.
 
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