Royal Australian Navy Discussions and Updates

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Alf662

New Member
You miss the point of these ships entirely. Although they can be used as LPHs and for HADR, as they and ships such as the Invincibles, Garabaldi, Principe de Asturias etc. were designed to be. Over the years numerous other ships have been employed as required, for example HMAS Melbourne deploying to Darwin post Cyclone Tracy, USS Dwight D. Eisenhower being used to deploy the 1st brigade 10th Mountain Division (including 54 Blackhawks) in Haiti in 1994. Big ships with long flight decks have a level of versatility a frigate, destroyer battleship, STUFT (ships taken up from trade) can never have.

Such a ship, designed without a docking well, can be smaller and cheaper than one of equivalent aviation capacity that is required to have one. Higher speed, lower fuel burn, better seakeeping and far better adapted to the requirements of operating aircraft. Such ships are also ideal for command, control and communications, just look at the profiles of Blue Ridge, Northampton etc. the large flat deck makes for minimal interference with the vast array of communications equipment, while the large volume easily accommodates the required staff teams.

I said can be smaller and cheaper than an LHD but they can also use the money saved on deleting the dock to enhance the combat system and or increase the size of the ship. Izumo is larger but cheaper than Hyuga through deleting the VLS and some combat system functions determined not the be necessary, Hyuga and Ise having them allows them to make up for short falls in the capability of some of the JMSDFs older escorts, while Izumo can be deployed with newer more capable vessels. Too me a smaller navy like Australia probably should look to enhance the capability of as many of our platforms as possible.

Too me a platform such as Hyuga is a no brainer for Australia, its primary role is enhancing the sea control capability of the RAN, providing command and control (in what ever acronym you so desire), being an aviation and ASW force multiplier (i.e. able to better deploy and support existing assets than any current in service platform), adding to the fleets censor coverage, local and possibly even area air defence. There is also the elephant in the room, potential to operate F-35B in the future.

This is a capability that has been put forward for the RAN on numerous occasions since the RN suggested Australia look as acquiring their conceptional escort cruiser instead of separate helicopter carriers and DDGs back in the early 60s.
https://www.bing.com/images/search?...ad1d79b3a5856c2e7aa519fde7c4f65fo0&ajaxhist=0

To my mind such remains a very sensible capability to acquire and retain.
I would agree with the DDH concept but for slightly different reasons.

Recent discussions have high lighted that it is unlikely that we would see MH60R on the LHD's as it would be to much of a distraction from their primary amphibious role. Many arguments have been put forward that to use the LHD's for ASW or F35B operations would be stretching the capability of the LHD to far. Concerns about the sustainment of air assets surrounding fuel capacity has also been discussed.

I have noticed that when a capability shortfall is high lighted the LHD's are put forward as a solution. They are only two vessels and whilst capable, they cannot be expected to do every thing. If they are asked to do other things, it will probably be at the expense of other capabilities.

A DDH style vessel could not only act as a dedicated ASW asset, it can also be used as a specialist drone carrier for the larger drones that are becoming available that would not fit on an OPV or Frigate. I would also look at increasing the aviation fuel capacity to help improve aviation capability as well as a RAS capability to supply other escorts.

It cannot be taken for granted that any future amphibious landing will be in benign circumstances. Consider East Timor where a submarine was detected in the vicinity of Dili Harbour. History has a habit of repeating itself.

Just my view and enjoying the debate.
 

vonnoobie

Well-Known Member
Volkodav, Using the USS Dwight D. Eisenhower to back your view is comparing apples and oranges as the USN is large enough to have quite a few assets that can fill particular needs while the deployment for Haiti would have been looked at on the merits, A nation with little combat capability thus utilizing a Nimitz class carrier to deploy a large number of Black hawks in one fell swoop would have been seen as worth while with no risk, Unless we are planning to increase the RAN to the level of diversity that the USN has along with increased numbers then there is zero comparison to be had.

As for the HMAS Melbourne, You are talking about a ship launched in 1945 as an aircraft carrier who was used in this role as they had nothing else to fill this role. They had only 7 helicopters aboard and transported an average of 3.14 people and 43kg's of cargo per each flight conducted.. Hardly a case to be made that it is something that we desperately need. If the situation up in Darwin is anything to go be then there is more argument to be made in getting a fleet tender/maintenance ship to replace the role performed by HMAS Stalwart (D 215).

Yes the Izumo class has the potential to operate the F-35B however again the is not something that will ever happen. When it all comes down to it after modifications to suit Australia any Izumo purchase will likely come in at similar costs to the Canberra class and I imagine the RAN would rather a 3rd Canberra to a ship whose operational use is more limited then a LHD.

When it all comes down to it cost is the biggest factor, First you need to buy the ship which could cost upwards of $1.5 billion AUD, then you need to crew it which again add's more and more costs, then there is the outfitting it with the helicopters we don't have and so on and so on, More and more costs and I don't see anyone in either the Navy or government pushing for it so it is pure fantasy. That doesnt even take into account the extra escorts that would be needed to cover them on deployment and those escorts extra crews etc.

I don't see anyone in either the Navy or government pushing for them, funds are stretched as it is so unless you are willing to makes cuts else where in he defence budget.. The armies armored vehicles? fewer F-35's for the RAAF? cut back C-17's in operation? fewer submarines? fewer frigates or OPV's? All of those are far more important then an asset that 'might' be of some marginal use for the RAN.
 

Volkodav

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
But all of a sudden you have gone from a cheap supplement to the current fleet to a complete rebalancing of the fleet, by replacing escorts with embarked helicopters on helicopter carriers.
Not necessarily.

A specialist ASW frigate / destroyer is very expensive compared to a similarly sized general purpose one. This is due to the very high end sensor suites and the specially quietened platform to get the best out of them. The reason these sensors are so critical is they are needed to compensate for the lack of a sufficient number of helicopters with dipping/dunking sonars to do the job without them. Add a helicopter carrier to the mix and your high end ASW escorts can be cheaper general purpose or even similarly priced more flexible air defence escorts.
 

John Newman

The Bunker Group
Thanks John good catch, the RAN definitely is only intended to operate six of the proposed MRH fleet.

What I find interesting though is because a certain number of platforms or airframes are ordered it is often seen to be the ideal or final total that will ever be needed/desired/procured. While the numbers are often determined by role i.e. six is fine to support VERTREP from two AORs plus other anticipated utility missions the RAN foresees sometime the numbers are limited by availability, funding, crewing, logistics support assets, or platforms to operate from.

Vonnoobie mentioned specific number in his earlier post as if they were set in concrete, i.e. there was no point acquiring a helicopter carrier as the FAA doesn't will never have enough helicopters to justify it. The reason we ordered 24 verses 29 or 50 MH-60Rs is because that is what was needed to support a force of 11-12 major combatants.

Not so long ago the plan was for 16 SH-60Bs and 11 Super Sea Sprites to support a force of eight ANZACs and six modernised FFGs, the only reason we don't have this force is because the Super Sea Sprite procurement was stuffed up, as was the FFGUP. But for the almost $2 billion and the several years wasted by these two projects the RAN should have been operating fourteen major combatants, 16 upgraded Seahawks (with Penguin) and 11 Super Sea Sprites, with four AWDs coming into service. The reason we don't have this is not because it wasn't wanted, needed or funded, but because the projects were stuffed up and we had to spend more to get less, paid for, in part by cutbacks in numbers.
With the 11 AWD's and Frigates (and even if a 9th Frigate was eventually ordered to make 12), the number of MH-60R's appears to be about right.

Of the 24 eventually in inventory, having a guarantee of 8 available to be deployed at any one time would seem to cover things. Out of the 11 AWD's and Frigates, I wouldn't imagine that any more than 8 of those ships would be on deployment at any one time, certainly at peace time operating tempo.

But I do also remember, at the announcement of the order for the 24 MH-60R's, the Government did also say that there was a built-in 'surge' capability if and when required too, again, I think the number of MH-60R's is pretty well spot on.


As for the RAN's 6 MRH-90's, well I can't help but think that 6 is a bit 'light on'.

The two new AOR's (regardless of design selected) are, I believe, going to be capable of operating two medium lift airframes, but most likely only one airframe at a time (in peace time), then of course there is Choules, so there's another airframe that could be deployed on operations too.

So that's half of the RAN's MRH-90 fleet accounted for, and that doesn't take into account maintenance or having a back up or two available. Then to top it of, if the RAN was ever planning to have an MRH-90 regularly deployed on the LHD's.

I can't help but think that the RAN could probably do with up to another 4 airframes in it's pool of MRH-90's to cover all of the above.

The simple solution would be to rebalance the ratio of Army to RAN airframes out of the MRH-90 pool, but of course that would take capability away from the Army.

The next simplest solution would be to add another, say, 4 airframes to the order and increase it to 50 active airframes (plus the additional airframe that is going to be delivered as a training aid).

A third solution (we were discussing this over in the Army thread recently) is when the Special Forces eventually retire their Black Hawks, what happens then?

It may be that the SF's may just have to make do with the existing Army MRH-90 airframes (possibly with a SF upgrade kit to some that the French are investigating), which could also lead to the possibility of more MRH-90 airframes specific for that role.

And lastly, if the MRH-90's are definitely not capable of being used by the SF's, then that could open the door for the addition of another type, such as the MH-60S.

A purchase of, say, 20-24 MH-60S could end up being split between the Special Forces and Navy, Navy could then hand back it's MRH-90's to Army (increases the Army pool), and allows Navy to have a utility airframe that has a lot of commonality with the MR-60R.


So there's my list of options, from easiest (and cheapest), to less likely (and most expensive too!).


As to the order for the 11 SH-2G's for the Anzac Frigates, I do remember that at an earlier stage, there was also the possibility of 'up to' another 16 airframes being ordered, I remember that the Government had a whole bunch of additional retired SH-2F airframes reserved in the US for that possibility.

And that was at the time when Australia and Malaysia were both looking at the joint class of OPV/OCV's, which of course didn't happen and we ended up replacing the FCPB's with the ACPB's instead.


EDIT: One point I forgot to comment on.

You mentioned the 16 SH-60B's and the 11 SH-2G's, making a total of 27 airframes and now the RAN has 24 MH-60R airframes.

Whilst on the one hand I'd agree, the total is now three (3) less airframes, all true, but having two separate types made up of 16 & 11, would reasonably also see a 'higher' overhead in regard to training and maintenance etc.

This might seem to be splitting hairs, but I'd argue that 24 airframes of one type would probably deliver the same, or better, availability as 27 airframes (again 16 & 11) split over two totally different types.

Just my opinion of course!!
 
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Severely

New Member
I believe there was mention some time ago of an offer to refurbish around half our S-70B-2 Seahawks for the utility role with the other half being traded in for export. Is that offer still valid or was it merely rumour? Would allow compatibility to be maintained and hand back the MRH-90 to army. They are already marinised so would be an easy step for the navy to maintain. Heck should we keep all 16 and refurbish them as a GP helicopter you would have availability of a descent marinised helo for the future OPVs as well.
 

John Newman

The Bunker Group
I believe there was mention some time ago of an offer to refurbish around half our S-70B-2 Seahawks for the utility role with the other half being traded in for export. Is that offer still valid or was it merely rumour? Would allow compatibility to be maintained and hand back the MRH-90 to army. They are already marinised so would be an easy step for the navy to maintain. Heck should we keep all 16 and refurbish them as a GP helicopter you would have availability of a descent marinised helo for the future OPVs as well.
Back in time when 'Team Romeo' was bidding for the Seahawk replacement (against the NFH-90), there was a suggestion that they would (after the ADF's Seahawks and Black Hawks were all retired), offer to set up a facility (I think Nowra was mentioned) and remanufacture and 'demilitarise' the approx. 50 airframes for eventual resale to various police and paramilitary forces around the world. But I haven't heard boo about that since, so I don't think that is a possibility/probability anymore.

The problem with the refurb or remanufacture of an older airframe, is that you can also end up in a situation of having a small 'orphan' fleet to maintain, what's cheap at beginning might end up more expensive in the long run.

The original plan for the MH-60R was to see that older USN SH-60 airframes being refurbed and upgraded, in the end they produced a couple (one has been obtained by the RAN as a ground instructional airframe), but then decided to go with a complete new airframe with all the new systems.

(As a side note, the same has happened with the CH-47, the earlier CH-47 A's to D's upgrades all shared the same original airframe, it and all the other bits were refurbed. Today a new CH-47F will either be a totally new build or a refurb where they basically throw away the whole airframe and only refurb the major components, such as transmission and engines, the end result is that the cost 'difference' between a 'new' or 'refurb' CH-47F is only a few million dollars).

If (and I say 'if') the Government was thinking of increasing the RAN's medium utility helicopter fleet, I would imagine that it would be far more cost effective (in the long run) to actually forget about doing a refurb to the old Seahawk/Black Hawk fleets and instead purchase new MH-60S.

Over a 20+ year future life, I'd imagine that being able to support the new MH-60S (being tied into the much larger USN supply chain), would work out far more cost effective in the long run.

On the other hand when you produce a small number of refurbed 'hybrids', it could be cheap to start off with, but the cost of maintaining such a small hybrid fleet could be rather expensive in the long run, especially when you are burdened with all the upfront development costs too.
 

Raven22

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
Not necessarily.

A specialist ASW frigate / destroyer is very expensive compared to a similarly sized general purpose one. This is due to the very high end sensor suites and the specially quietened platform to get the best out of them. The reason these sensors are so critical is they are needed to compensate for the lack of a sufficient number of helicopters with dipping/dunking sonars to do the job without them. Add a helicopter carrier to the mix and your high end ASW escorts can be cheaper general purpose or even similarly priced more flexible air defence escorts.
How is that not a complete rebalancing of the fleet?
 

Volkodav

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
How is that not a complete rebalancing of the fleet?
Its adding a force multiplier to gain additional capability from existing assets, without having to supplement or replace them with highly specialised assets. It would mean the ANZACs could then be supplemented / replaced with a mix of additional AWDs and general purpose frigates, or one for one with cheaper GP frigates instead of the high end vessels currently planned.

In fact what it would mean is the ANZAC replacements would be more like the ANZACs than the planned high end ASW vessels currently being considered. Yes there could be rebalancing between air defence capable vessels and GP frigates capable of self or maybe even local area air defence (ASMD), but even that would just be returning to the status quo of the 80s,90s and early 2000s where there were similar numbers of air defence combatants vs GP ones. Having three times as many ASW frigates as air defence ones is a very new idea that has not actually been achieved and will not be unless the current plan (that originated in the Rudd/Fitzgibbon DWP) goes ahead unchanged.
 

kaz

Member
The suggestion of ships in the line of Japanese DDH's for the Australian navy came out of nowhere, there are more suitable options for Australia; some have already mentioned how and why.

And yes, there's a plan for DDH's to accomodate UAV's as long as they could fit, see this image: http: //livedoor.blogimg.jp/crx7601/imgs/f/1/f1a59946.jpg

The UAV shown on the image is known as TACOM which is air-launched and about the size of a cruise missile.
 

rockitten

Member
Not necessarily.

A specialist ASW frigate / destroyer is very expensive compared to a similarly sized general purpose one. This is due to the very high end sensor suites and the specially quietened platform to get the best out of them. The reason these sensors are so critical is they are needed to compensate for the lack of a sufficient number of helicopters with dipping/dunking sonars to do the job without them. Add a helicopter carrier to the mix and your high end ASW escorts can be cheaper general purpose or even similarly priced more flexible air defence escorts.
So V, from your opinion, what if we reduce the number of ANZAC replacement (like, 6 instead of 8 or 9) and use the budget to get 2 or 3 through deck DDH/light carrier (with potential F-35 capability) as fleet flagship and ASW "escorts".

So at the end, instead of 3 AWD +8/9 "ASW frigates", would you prefer to have 3 AWD + 6 ASW FFG and 2/3 DDH/light carriers?
 

gf0012-aust

Grumpy Old Man
Staff member
Verified Defense Pro
Do you know (& are able to comment on) enough about the Barracudas to say how they rate in comparison?
I can only comment so far as to what I was aware of as a contractor and dealings we had with other navies. At that time I was not based in Oz, so my perspective was shaped by comments from people in other navies and who weren't prone to hyperbole

they were also the same ones who were consistently gobsmacked at how Collins was handled politically and in the 4th and 5th estates...

from ongoing associations there's still a private view that a barracuda offer is an exercise in engineering grief waiting to happen. A clean german build would be a safer option as it would not have any inherited design constraints

I have zero visibility of the current process.
 

gf0012-aust

Grumpy Old Man
Staff member
Verified Defense Pro
:confused: "won't be able to carry the army's m1a1 battle tanks because they are too heavy" Oh my god those comments now make those who discuss our submarines look smart.
somebody should tell those idiots that they can still carry tanks - its a MOE issue which precludes under normal circumstances.

the MOE can be 10% and it depends on the loaders.

halfwits
 

Stampede

Well-Known Member
This might seem to be splitting hairs, but I'd argue that 24 airframes of one type would probably deliver the same, or better, availability as 27 airframes (again 16 & 11) split over two totally different types.

Just my opinion of course!![/QUOTE]



Adding to the helicopter discussion I feel a small increase in numbers of MRH-90's for the Navy would not go amiss.Regardless of what aviation Army brings to the fleet I find it difficult to believe that Navy will not regularly deploy a helicopter or two on the Canberra's and also Choules.This should be a regular part of business both for training ( flight opperations and deck / hanger movement and loading ) and also for general logistical work. A culture of not having embedded aviation of such limited numbers seems at odds with a ship with such extensive aviation attributes.
I also feel the new supply ships with their two hangers should also develope a culture of using those two hangers for two helicopters and not just the one to learn how to get the most out of this resource.

A question I can't answer.
Why does HMAS Choules only have one flight spot?
Its a big ship and a derivitive of the Royal Schelde Enforcer design. Sister designs of Spain and the Netherland have two spots and a large hanger. While I appreciate the reasons for the differences and needs of the respective navies this appears to my way of thinking a under utilisation of Choule's very large flight deck. Maybe a small modification down the tract for Choules could be a permanent hanger for four helicopters and multispot flight deck with lighting for 24/7 opperations.The ship has the space and I'm sure it would be money well spent to bolster aviation at sea.

John for what it's worth back in the sixties the RAN had 27 Wessex helicopters. A different era and a different navy but regardless of what helicopter type we all postulate as the best mix for defence. Some times it's also just about the numbers.
I'd go 27 Romeo's and another three MRH-90's for logistic's. I have no doubt they will get used what ever fleet mix we choose.
As to the Sierra's that another conversation

Regards S
 

swerve

Super Moderator
I can only comment so far as to what I was aware of as a contractor and dealings we had with other navies. At that time I was not based in Oz, so my perspective was shaped by comments from people in other navies and who weren't prone to hyperbole

they were also the same ones who were consistently gobsmacked at how Collins was handled politically and in the 4th and 5th estates...

from ongoing associations there's still a private view that a barracuda offer is an exercise in engineering grief waiting to happen. A clean german build would be a safer option as it would not have any inherited design constraints

I have zero visibility of the current process.
Thanks
 

John Newman

The Bunker Group
Adding to the helicopter discussion I feel a small increase in numbers of MRH-90's for the Navy would not go amiss.Regardless of what aviation Army brings to the fleet I find it difficult to believe that Navy will not regularly deploy a helicopter or two on the Canberra's and also Choules.This should be a regular part of business both for training ( flight opperations and deck / hanger movement and loading ) and also for general logistical work. A culture of not having embedded aviation of such limited numbers seems at odds with a ship with such extensive aviation attributes.
I also feel the new supply ships with their two hangers should also develope a culture of using those two hangers for two helicopters and not just the one to learn how to get the most out of this resource.

A question I can't answer.
Why does HMAS Choules only have one flight spot?
Its a big ship and a derivitive of the Royal Schelde Enforcer design. Sister designs of Spain and the Netherland have two spots and a large hanger. While I appreciate the reasons for the differences and needs of the respective navies this appears to my way of thinking a under utilisation of Choule's very large flight deck. Maybe a small modification down the tract for Choules could be a permanent hanger for four helicopters and multispot flight deck with lighting for 24/7 opperations.The ship has the space and I'm sure it would be money well spent to bolster aviation at sea.

John for what it's worth back in the sixties the RAN had 27 Wessex helicopters. A different era and a different navy but regardless of what helicopter type we all postulate as the best mix for defence. Some times it's also just about the numbers.
I'd go 27 Romeo's and another three MRH-90's for logistic's. I have no doubt they will get used what ever fleet mix we choose.
As to the Sierra's that another conversation

Regards S
I don't think that anyone would argue that more aviation assets are good, but still there has to be a justification for those extra assets (and budget allocation to go with that extra justification too).

I agree that the number of MRH-90's does appear to be a bit light on and 3-4 extra airframes would appear to useful considering the number of hulls that could reasonably be expected to have use of a medium lift utility aircraft.

But when it comes to the MH-60R's (sure more would be nice), but with the plan, as it currently appears, that they operate off the 11 AWD / Frigate fleet, then 24 seems to be more than sufficient, 8 airframes always available for deployment and a surge capability if an when required too. Have to remember that not all of those 11 ships are always operational and on deployment too.

As far as the configuration of Choules (and her 3 UK sisters) is concerned, yes they certainly are deficient in aviation facilities compared to their Dutch and Spanish cousins. But on the other hand that large open deck area is also far more capable of carry a lot of extra deck cargo too, much like Tobruk did in days gone by.

And now having both LHD's in service, would there be any point to doing a major upgrade to her and convert, say half of that open deck area, into a large hangar? Sort of along the lines that was done to the two LPA's when they were converted from LST's.

Personally I think having the LHD's with their configuration and Choules with her current configuration allows for a fair bit of flexibility, Choules can operate independently, have a helicopter embarked and parked in the 'portable' hangar, or if she was in company with one of the LHD's, the hangar could be removed and 'all' that deck area could be utilised for all sorts of cargo. MRH-90's and CH-47F's, embarked on the LHD, could then be used to transport all of that deck cargo to shore.

Again, would there be any point or benefit to performing a major conversion along the lines of the LPA conversion and add a large hangar to Choules? The answer I come up with is probably not, especially with all the aviation capability we have with the two LHD's (If we didn't have the LHD's and maybe had a second Bay class, then yes I'd say a conversion with a greater aviation capability is probably worthwhile).

My point is, lets look beyond what one particular ship could possibly be modified into, and look at the big picture of the three major amphibious ships and see if the current configurations allow for greater flexibility, because once you make a major modification to Choules by adding a greater aviation capability (on top of the significant aviation capability of the LHD's), then the ability to carry all that deck cargo disappears!


As to the 27 Wessex you mentioned, yes was fully aware of that, but you also have to go back and look at the 'what, when, why' for that decision.

Back in the early 60's there was the decision to convert HMAS Melbourne into having a purely anti-submarine carrier role, and the plan was that she would be equipped (from memory) with around 10 Wessex at any one time, and also at that time not one of the Destroyers or Frigates was 'capable' of operating an A/S helicopter, or any sort of helicopter! (That capability didn't arrive until Adelaide commissioned in 1980).

And again that plan was modified a little while later, when Melbourne gained both the A-4G's and Trackers to operate alongside the Wessex, until the remainder of the original 27 Wessex were replaced by 10 Sea Kings.

From memory the Wessex operated from Melbourne, 4 airframes operated from Sydney in some of her final trips to Vietnam and also Stalwart had a capability to operate the Wessex.

And let's not forget that earlier generations of naval aircraft (fixed and rotary), were also prone to a much higher attrition rate than today as well.


Increase the fleet of 24 MH-60R's to 27? For what purpose? Unless the new DWP suggest that the LHD's are going to carry an anti-submarine capability, then I can't see the justification.

Increase the MRH-90's by 3-4 airframes? Agree that more utility airframes could certainly be put to good use on the current and planned future ships that could utilise them.

Again, just my opinion!!

Cheers,
 

swerve

Super Moderator
When the UK ordered the Bay class it had three Invincible class in service & HMS Ocean was new. There were also four RFAs in service with large hangars, capable of carrying 18 helicopters between them. There was no shortage of hangar space or flight deck capacity.
 

Volkodav

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
When the UK ordered the Bay class it had three Invincible class in service & HMS Ocean was new. There were also four RFAs in service with large hangars, capable of carrying 18 helicopters between them. There was no shortage of hangar space or flight deck capacity.
The mistake Australia made when we got out of the carrier business (it could be argued that not replacing Melbourne was the mistake) was that the majority of the fleets ASW, strike (anti-surface and land attack), sea control, interdiction, surveillance and littoral combat capability was provided by the FAAs fixed and rotary wing assets. Although just about every surface combatant requirement from the late 50s onwards included the ability to operate at least one Wessex sized helicopter, only three non combatants (Stalwart, Success, and Tobruk) and not one warship was able to when Melbourne retired a quarter of a century later.

When Melbourne retired without replacement in 1982, the FAA had a large fleet (about a dozen each) of Trackers, Skyhawks, Sea King ASW helicopters, Wessex utility helicopters (reroled from ASW), UH-1Bs and Kiowas with Squirrels on order. A very large investment which apart from the yet to be delivered Squirrel, Kiowa and possibly the Iroquois, were incapable of being operated from our only helicopter capable escorts. The FFGs had to wait almost a decade for their SH-60B Seahawks (the corner stone of the types ASW capability) which required the expensive modification of the first three hulls, bringing the acquisition cost to well in excess of what a modest carrier (capable of operating the Sea Kings and Wessex) would have cost at the time.

Basically the disposal of the carrier made the existing fleet unbalanced and obsolescent overnight, ships that made perfect sense as carrier escorts were left vulnerable and the fleet was left incapable of operating outside of an alliance situation. The rhetoric at the time was the money saved would be invested into a greater number of more flexible, general purpose warships, this never really happened as hull numbers remained fairly static, with the only real difference being all new major combatants were able to hanger a medium helicopter.

The 1982 "rebalancing" of the fleet made its most capable and expensive component, its aircraft, ineffectual overnight, it basically wasted thirty five years of investment. That money was never reinvested in boosting numbers and individual capability, it was lost or expended trying to fill gaps with ineffectual measures that provided less capability at greater cost. Seahawks for the FFGs, FFGUP, Super SeaSprite, and now Romeo and AWD.
 
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