Royal Australian Navy Discussions and Updates

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John Newman

The Bunker Group
Don't forget the training squadron at that time also included HMAS Queenborough and HMAS Sydney.
Assail, yes very true.

Actually when I wrote that I was having a quick flick through my very old (1977) copy of Warships of Australia (Ross Gillett) and looking at a snapshot of the feet back in about 1972-3:

1 - CV (+1 Sydney, fast troop transport)
3 - DDG
3 - DD (+1 training)
6 - FF (+1 training)
4 - SS (with two more on order)
20 - Attack PB, including Assail of course!!
6 - LCH
6 - Ton Class Mine Sweepers
1 - Oiler, Supply
1 - Destroyer tender, (Stalwart, building 215!)
Plus all the other various support ships too.

So there we go, 40 years ago and 10 million less Aussies too!

Yes time and technology moves on, a particular ship today is so much more capable that it's equivalent of the past, but if you also compare the equivalent navies of our near neighbours and not so near neighbours from that time, and then compare the capabilities of today, I can't help but feel that we have gone backwards compared to some of the others that have come along in leaps and bounds over those 40 years!
 

gf0012-aust

Grumpy Old Man
Staff member
Verified Defense Pro
Don't forget the training squadron at that time also included HMAS Queenborough and HMAS Sydney.
Wasn't Duchess or ANZAC converted to a training role? I seem to recall one of them having a training room built amidships?
 

John Newman

The Bunker Group
Wasn't Duchess or ANZAC converted to a training role? I seem to recall one of them having a training room built amidships?
Both were converted and had training rooms included.

Anzac underwent a refit at Williamstown between 7 January and 8 March 1965. A major item was the removal of B Turret and the G1 Bofors gun mounting and the installation of a charthouse / classroom in their place

Duchess replaced Anzac in the training role and had her X turret removed around 1973, but still retained two turrets and her squid mortar.
 

ASSAIL

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
Wasn't Duchess or ANZAC converted to a training role? I seem to recall one of them having a training room built amidships?
Training squadron included Anzac with a classroom at 'B' turret (in front of bridge).
When Anzac paid off Duchess was converted with a classroom built where 'X' turret was (on top of deck house aft).
When Duchess paid off Vampire assumed the role with a large classroom built in the MM10 (Limbo) spaces at deck level aft.
But during this time, can't remember when, the training regime changed and in an effort to get sailors trained in their specialist roles and to sea sooner, the compulsory (usually about 9 months IIRC) OD sea time training was dropped and men went to sea after completing basic training and then their specialist courses and so the need for many general seatime training billets passed.
This was all in conjunction with the ascendancy of the schoolie branch (instructor officers - schoolmasters) who knew they could train sailors better than the experienced sailor instructors and introduced task books and shortened all the specialist courses and emphasized on the job training.
The result was that men were at sea with only a superficial knowledge of the branch and the general proficiency suffered. Fortunately the cream eventually rose to the top but many never gained the required expertise.
Cheers
 
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Raven22

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
Yes time and technology moves on, a particular ship today is so much more capable that it's equivalent of the past, but if you also compare the equivalent navies of our near neighbours and not so near neighbours from that time, and then compare the capabilities of today, I can't help but feel that we have gone backwards compared to some of the others that have come along in leaps and bounds over those 40 years!
Compare the current and planned Australian fleet to that of 40 years ago, then compare the same of every single other Western nation, then tell us how badly we are doing
 

Volkodav

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
Not too good actually as the other western navies have reduced numbers we have reduced numbers and retired entire capabilities. Not just the RAN though, the Army has lost their fixed wing aviation and very nearly their MBTs, the RAAF has seen a reduction in numbers but overall has probably come out the best.

Going back to the 90s rather than the 70s I think it is fair to say that the DDGs, although older and lacking helicopters, were more capable than the pre upgrade FFGs and that the FFGs pre and post upgrade were more capable than the pre ASMD ANZACs. Basically the fleet today is borderline less capable than it was 15-20 years ago. We haven't even traded numbers for capability, we have fewer ships and little if any increase in individual capability.

I will continue this once the %^&^% kids go to bed and let me think!
 

Volkodav

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
I don 't see domestic shipbuilding as important as some do (let's face it we're only assembling knock- down kits for things like subs and destroyers anyway) but jobs are important and whether the AWD addresses the 'valley of death' or not shouldn't really be Navy's concern but whether or not the extra AWD is necessary for our defence and given it was originally optioned as well as included in a White Paper, clearly it was considered of signifcqnt importance at some point.

Personally I think it's extremely important given the move to increased amphibious capability, far moreso than the ludicruously large number of planned future subs.
I do see domestic shipbuilding as important, in fact I would rate it as critically important. Having worked for both builders who also sustain and specialist sustainers I can assure you the difference is stark. If it was not for the ability of the sustainers to hire people from abuilding back ground they would be screwed.

Concerns me that the RAN has for years cut back on training and providing meaningful work for their own maintainers, relying on specialist commercial sustainers to do much of the work for them.

Well who are these sustainers?

Unfortunately they are predominately ex RAN maintainers, the very people who are not being trained and grown to the degree they once were because of the availability of civilian contractors.

Where will the next generation of civilian contractors come from if there are no suitably trained and experienced RAN maintainers to requite?

Stuffed if I know!
 

rand0m

Member
Not too good actually as the other western navies have reduced numbers we have reduced numbers and retired entire capabilities. Not just the RAN though, the Army has lost their fixed wing aviation and very nearly their MBTs, the RAAF has seen a reduction in numbers but overall has probably come out the best.

Going back to the 90s rather than the 70s I think it is fair to say that the DDGs, although older and lacking helicopters, were more capable than the pre upgrade FFGs and that the FFGs pre and post upgrade were more capable than the pre ASMD ANZACs. Basically the fleet today is borderline less capable than it was 15-20 years ago. We haven't even traded numbers for capability, we have fewer ships and little if any increase in individual capability.

I will continue this once the %^&^% kids go to bed and let me think!
Funny you mention that:


Australian Defence Force risks becoming second-rate says Lowy Institute paper | News.com.au
 

ASSAIL

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
Stuffed if I know!
You will have seen the current level of RAN engineering knowledge. I have recently hired one and he didn't have the basic knowledge to sustain my small simple cruise fleet lasted 5 mins.

Compare this to the 1980's when I ran a pearling fleet ( 15 hulls between 54 to 30 mtrs) and I hired an ex WO ERA ex FMU, to run the fleet engineering, he was superb. He was relieved by an ex Chief Mechanician who runs Paspaley's fleet to this day. Both were fantastic and both were ex Assail crew from 1974 and both were Nirimba products.

The contrast is stark.
 

John Newman

The Bunker Group
Compare the current and planned Australian fleet to that of 40 years ago, then compare the same of every single other Western nation, then tell us how badly we are doing
I was thinking far less about how the RAN compared to other Western nations of 40 years ago, but more about our relative position compared to the nations in our part of the world, I think the size and strength of our neighbours and areas of interest are far more important and relevant to Australia than what is happening for example in Europe today.

I was looking more at the navies (and military strength generally) of the nations stretching from India, down through S-E Asia and up to China and looking back at them 40 years ago and how we compared to them at that particular point in time.

And from what I can see, quite a few of those nations have grown, both economically and militarily, significantly over that period of time.

The navies (and military strength) of India, China, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, stand out to me, they are followed by the nations of lesser growth and then right down at bottom, and going backwards, would probably be the Philippines.

I don't disagree that quiet a number of Western / European navies are not what they used to be, but considering our future as a nation depends far more on this part of the world, I think it is far more relevant to compare us against our neighbours in the arc from India down and around through to China.
 

CB90

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
I was thinking far less about how the RAN compared to other Western nations of 40 years ago, but more about our relative position compared to the nations in our part of the world, I think the size and strength of our neighbours and areas of interest are far more important and relevant to Australia than what is happening for example in Europe today.
Great point. And if your allies (and reliability of European assistance in a Pacific only military emergency is debatable) are getting weaker, that's cause to reevaluate your strategic priorities.
 

Raven22

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
I was thinking far less about how the RAN compared to other Western nations of 40 years ago, but more about our relative position compared to the nations in our part of the world, I think the size and strength of our neighbours and areas of interest are far more important and relevant to Australia than what is happening for example in Europe today.

I was looking more at the navies (and military strength generally) of the nations stretching from India, down through S-E Asia and up to China and looking back at them 40 years ago and how we compared to them at that particular point in time.

And from what I can see, quite a few of those nations have grown, both economically and militarily, significantly over that period of time.

The navies (and military strength) of India, China, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, stand out to me, they are followed by the nations of lesser growth and then right down at bottom, and going backwards, would probably be the Philippines.

I don't disagree that quiet a number of Western / European navies are not what they used to be, but considering our future as a nation depends far more on this part of the world, I think it is far more relevant to compare us against our neighbours in the arc from India down and around through to China.
But you're still not comparing apples to apples. Any comparison to 40 years ago is meaningless because, as you said, the strategic circumstances 40 years ago is very different to today. Why should we benchmark ship numbers off what we had 40 years ago? It's about as relevant as benchmarking off what we had in the world wars.

This is where debates on forums often get sidetracked to being essentially meaningless. The ADF should be built around the strategic circumstances NOW and in the predictable future, not based on romantic notions of the past or, even worse, romantic notions about what we want the strategic circumstances to look like (ie, Kopp-esk massive dogfights between Flankers and F22s in the South China Sea).

The fact is, the strategic circumstances of now create a far more stable security environment (at least in the conventional sphere) than 40 years ago. Which is why all other developed nations have reduced their military capabilities. Which makes the fact that Australia hasn't even more impressive (or at least less depressing, depending on your point of view)
 

John Newman

The Bunker Group
But you're still not comparing apples to apples. Any comparison to 40 years ago is meaningless because, as you said, the strategic circumstances 40 years ago is very different to today. Why should we benchmark ship numbers off what we had 40 years ago? It's about as relevant as benchmarking off what we had in the world wars.

This is where debates on forums often get sidetracked to being essentially meaningless. The ADF should be built around the strategic circumstances NOW and in the predictable future, not based on romantic notions of the past or, even worse, romantic notions about what we want the strategic circumstances to look like (ie, Kopp-esk massive dogfights between Flankers and F22s in the South China Sea).

The fact is, the strategic circumstances of now create a far more stable security environment (at least in the conventional sphere) than 40 years ago. Which is why all other developed nations have reduced their military capabilities. Which makes the fact that Australia hasn't even more impressive (or at least less depressing, depending on your point of view)
If you believe what I’ve said is meaningless, fair enough, that’s your opinion and I respect that, and I certainly wasn’t going down some fantasy Kopp / APA path either, especially a ‘this vs that’ scenario, where that came from, I have no idea.

But just to be clear, back to my comment where I said: ‘I can't help but feel that we have gone backwards compared to some of the others that have come along in leaps and bounds over those 40 years’.

The point I was making was that relative and compared to the significant growth of our neighbours, we had gone backwards, more about their increased capabilities and less about any perceived significant reduction on our part, maybe to be clearer I should have used words such as, ‘the gap had closed’.

And yes agree, the strategic circumstances have changed in our region in the last 40 years, yes it is a lot more stable, and hopefully it stays that way too, and one of the plus sides is that our neighbours are far more capable of investing in their own defence and security, and as a collective in our region that is good for all of us, share the burden.

And again I agree that the Navy and ADF should be built around the strategic circumstances of today and the predictable future, no argument there, the problem is the disconnect between what a particular Government says we need and what it eventually does.

We’ve had two DWP’s in the last six years (and another due in 18mths) outlining an impressive list of equipment to achieve the Government’s security goals, but then the Government of the day turns around and takes Billions of dollars from defence which at the end of the day, (and the problem for a following Government), makes it more difficult to actually turn what is written on a piece of paper into reality.

Years ago when the Navy wanted larger (and no doubt more expensive) OPVs, instead it got cheaper smaller ACPBs, the 2009 DWP said yes to 20 larger OCVs, now the 2013 DWP has put that project on the back burner, what is the new Government going to do? Who knows...

Is all of that driven by a positive change in our strategic circumstance? Probably not, probably more to do with the budgetary position of the Government of the day.

As to the RAN itself, I wasn’t suggesting that it was all doom and gloom, yes over the next few years we are going to see an impressive array of new equipment and capabilities, 3 AWD’s, 2 LHD’s, a fleet of new Romeo helicopters, hopefully a firm decision on what type of sub, and how many, will replace the Collins class, etc, etc.

At the end of the day, I’m just a civvie, I only have access to what is in the public domain and what I see and hear on sites such as this to help form my opinions (rightly or wrongly), do I think the Navy should have more capabilities?, yes in certain areas I do, is it doom and gloom?, no it isn’t, never suggested that.
 

Volkodav

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
Basically up until the mid 90s ANZACs (under the Dibb plan) were intended as glorified patrol vessels "tier 2" with the 3 DDGs and 6 FFGs being our primary or "tier 1" combat vessels (to be replaced by a class of 8 new FFG/DDG) and the Fremantles were "tier 3" but considered too small and lacking in capability for their intended role and were to be replaced with corvettes.

Somewhere along the line someone decided the ANZACs could be upgraded to AEGIS equipped Star Destroyers and the FFGs into Super Star Destroyers while the DDGs could be retired without replacement and the Fremantles replaced with a larger but less durable patrol boat.

Later it was realised that the ANZACs were too small for SPY-1F and AEGIS and the FFG upgrade got into trouble resulting in the cancelation of ANZAC WIP and only two of the six FFGs being upgraded. At this time it was finally decided to belatedly order 3 to 4 air defence ships but it was now 3 to 4 ships to replace 4 FFGs not 8 ships to replace 3 DDGs and 6 FFGs.

Long story short 9 airdefence ships have been replaced by three, the patrol figates have been upgraded and may be replaced with 6 ASW/GP frigates and we still rely on PBs instead of OPVs or corvettes.
 

ADMk2

Just a bloke
Staff member
Verified Defense Pro
I do see domestic shipbuilding as important, in fact I would rate it as critically important. Having worked for both builders who also sustain and specialist sustainers I can assure you the difference is stark. If it was not for the ability of the sustainers to hire people from abuilding back ground they would be screwed.

Concerns me that the RAN has for years cut back on training and providing meaningful work for their own maintainers, relying on specialist commercial sustainers to do much of the work for them.

Well who are these sustainers?

Unfortunately they are predominately ex RAN maintainers, the very people who are not being trained and grown to the degree they once were because of the availability of civilian contractors.

Where will the next generation of civilian contractors come from if there are no suitably trained and experienced RAN maintainers to requite?

Stuffed if I know!
I think you've got several different arguments there. We don't build 90% of our major defence platforms, yet we manage to sustain them...

I agree that an ability to sustain our defence assets is important. Critically important, but lets not kid ourselves. We don't build major surface combatants, amphibious ships or submarines, we assemble them.

We don't assemble Romeos for arguments sake, yet we will sustain them. We are even paying others to teach us how to sustain them and from all reports that's going very successfully...

There ARE other models other than what we traditionally accept as "best practice" and I'm not sure we spend our limited coin wisely with regard to our "ship-building" capability...
 

Volkodav

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
I think you've got several different arguments there. We don't build 90% of our major defence platforms, yet we manage to sustain them...

I agree that an ability to sustain our defence assets is important. Critically important, but lets not kid ourselves. We don't build major surface combatants, amphibious ships or submarines, we assemble them.

We don't assemble Romeos for arguments sake, yet we will sustain them. We are even paying others to teach us how to sustain them and from all reports that's going very successfully...

There ARE other models other than what we traditionally accept as "best practice" and I'm not sure we spend our limited coin wisely with regard to our "ship-building" capability...
First point we did build our submarines our destroyers and most of our current frigate force. The fabrication of the super structures and outfit of the LHDs is far more than simple assembly. There is a very big difference between slapping knockdown kit together and building / fabricating from a blueprint (well this day and age technical data).

What I am primarily talking about is the level of skill, knowledge and the ability to adapt them to other projects that is lacking when you are only an assembler or maintainer, verses a fabricator or builder (let alone a designer). There is a reason it is so expensive and time consuming to build / rebuild the capability to build, fabricate, design aircraft, ships, vehicles etc. It is much harder than simply assembling or maintaining them. That said once you have the skills to design. Fabricate and build, assembly and maintenance become much easier. Where it falls down is when you don't maintain those skills and capabilities.
 

Bluey 006

Active Member
Basically up until the mid 90s ANZACs (under the Dibb plan) were intended as glorified patrol vessels "tier 2" with the 3 DDGs and 6 FFGs being our primary or "tier 1" combat vessels (to be replaced by a class of 8 new FFG/DDG) and the Fremantles were "tier 3" but considered too small and lacking in capability for their intended role and were to be replaced with corvettes.

Somewhere along the line someone decided the ANZACs could be upgraded to AEGIS equipped Star Destroyers and the FFGs into Super Star Destroyers while the DDGs could be retired without replacement and the Fremantles replaced with a larger but less durable patrol boat.

Later it was realised that the ANZACs were too small for SPY-1F and AEGIS and the FFG upgrade got into trouble resulting in the cancelation of ANZAC WIP and only two of the six FFGs being upgraded. At this time it was finally decided to belatedly order 3 to 4 air defence ships but it was now 3 to 4 ships to replace 4 FFGs not 8 ships to replace 3 DDGs and 6 FFGs.

Long story short 9 airdefence ships have been replaced by three, the patrol figates have been upgraded and may be replaced with 6 ASW/GP frigates and we still rely on PBs instead of OPVs or corvettes.
Any chance the liberals will decide we need a fourth AWD?
 

Volkodav

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
Any chance the liberals will decide we need a fourth AWD?
Again stuffed if I know, the RAN doesn't want it but the government may decide the industry needs it.

Personally I would prefer to see a large class (20+) of multi role corvettes (2000t+) built to replace the OCV concept. Most would be fitted as OPVs but some (8+) would be full blown corvettes / patrol frigates with a combat system fit out similar to the ANZAC ASMD upgrade, less the 5" gun.

The next step would to replace the ANZACs with a proper GP frigate giving the RAN the 20 to 25+ skimmers the government has known they need since the 1960s to secure our SLOC.
 

the road runner

Active Member
The next step would to replace the ANZACs with a proper GP frigate giving the RAN the 20 to 25+ skimmers the government has known they need since the 1960s to secure our SLOC.

Would the hull be similar to the AWD (7000-8000 ton)as being quoted by Government for the replacement of the ANZAC. Or would we be better off with a dumbed down ANZAC type hull (3000-4000 ton)
 
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