Royal Australian Navy Discussions and Updates

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gf0012-aust

Grumpy Old Man
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Canberra Times said:
Patrick said HDW wasn't the only player with an evolved long-range conventional design. ''Navantia and DCNS could offer larger conventional upsized S-80s or Scorpenes,'' he said. ''They just haven't gone public with their larger submarine design concepts. The original Collins was based on a scaled-up hull design from the Swedish manufacturer, Kockums.''
Heavens to betsy, that must be why they've been submitting designs direct to RAN and not the general public. Thats why senior sirs and ministerial staff have been swanning around spain and france.

I didn't realise that platform proposals were supposed to get aired to the public rather than to the services.....

scaled up designs? yep lets ride that horse again. :eek:hwell
 

Abraham Gubler

Defense Professional
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yet more nonsense
That's being generous. My favourite assumption devoid of reality in that article was the one that Collins was en par with the Canadian Upholders except we paid more than $1.5 billion. If people are going to misrepresent and consider things under such grossly simplistic terms it’s no wonder the public debate on SEA 1000 has no remote resemblance to the discussion in the professional defence community.
 

t68

Well-Known Member
On a diffrent topic,
Interesting read in the current addition on Navy magazine, they seem to have gone off the boil on fixed wing aviation for the LHD (realised not getting it) and have some concerns with Navy ability to support the troops with NGS. According to the article RAAF has stated that they can only provide air support out to 600nm of an airbase, while we most probably will have access to an overseas airbase in a time of need or USN carrier task force.

Retired MAJGEN J Molan stated in one of the question and answer sessions is quoted as saying “A future government looking for amphibious options needs to know that beyond 600nm of a friendly well equipped airbase the LHD cannot be supported with airpower, this could mean the mission does not go ahead”

Well the nuts and bolts of the article and are calling for a larger gun out to 155mm to be used on the sea 5000 future Frigate same as the Zumwalt class destroyer, would the Hobart hull if used as the replacement frigate hull accommodate the Advanced Gun System?

Other small Navies (Spanish/Italian) with amphibious assets also have fixed wing aircraft to support those assets apart from the RN recently giving up their harriers, time will tell if it was the right decision (but using HMS Ocean with Apache). That puts the RAN in a unique position( no fixed wing outside 600nm), if the LHD has to operate in place’s without support from the RAAF or coalition air support will the RAN need a ship more in tune with heavier guns to suppress and strike land targets similar to the tactics in use during WWII, Korea, Vietnam and the most recent example by the RAN in Iraq in 2003, if so would to 2 distinct versions of Sea 5000 future Frigate be appropriate one strong in ASW and the other in NGS?
 

Waylander

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Well having some Tigers on the LHDs and putting a modern 127mm naval gun (US or Italian sourced) onto the future frigates. Add some Hellfire rails on the Seahawks for good measure and your done.

I doubt that Australia would ever use it's amphibious assets so far away from friendly air bases and still needs more fire support than what is provided by some Tigers and modern naval guns.
 
I think there has been arguing at cross-purposes here. I don't think anybody is suggesting that HDW cannot design a 3500-4000t submarine, just that there is some skepticism about their design strategy based on what they have said about the Type 216.

Forgive me if I have gotten hold of some wrong information, but it has been said here that HDW has based the Type 216 on the successful Type 214 design. Correct?
If so this is probably the source of the skepticism because this is exactly the strategy Kockums took with the Type 471 (Collins-class) and completely fuxored the hydrodynamics. What worked in the small 1200t Västergötland-class moving slowly in Baltic waters, was very noisy when scaled up to 3300t and moving quickly through tropical waters. The Type 471 has always been very quiet when moving slowly, its problems were at higher transit speeds.

It should be noted that HDW has exactly ZERO experience designing and building large and fast submarines. Given Australian defence scientists have had to sort out the issues the Collins-class has had, I would argue that they have more experience than HDW has of 3000+t submarines.

Another point that has been bought up is that HDW or another experienced builder should construct the Collins-replacement. I don't have first-hand knowledge (as other here do) but the build quality of the Collins-class has never been questioned and has been described as excellent. In fact the only issue there has been has been the work done at Kockums in Sweden by supposed experienced submarine builders. You have to wonder if hubris was at work where a confident Kockums wasn't as attentive as they should have been, whereas the inexperienced ASC over-compensated with a focus on achieving a high quality.

Final point is regarding the costs of construction of the Collins-class at ASC. It has been suggested that the Australian build program was a massive waste of money when they could have been built cheaper in Europe.
It is my understanding of the program that the construction costs were not outrageous, and that it may have even have come in on budget. If it is so, how many projects of that size and complexity can say the same?
It is also my understanding that the requirements of the Collins-class program was to have some 70% Australian content. This work employed Australians (not Swedes or Germans) and introduced modern manufacturing procedures at a time when Australian manufacturing was uncompetitive and quite antiquated. The cost premium for building in Australia wasn't excessive to my mind.


How valid is the comparison with the USCG? Unless they are transiting from Florida to Alaska by submarine, then it isn't very relevant is it? 4700mls is going to look and feel a bit different from a C-130 traveling at 290kts compared to an SSG at 12kts. In fact, a 4700mls transit is going to look very different to an SSN at 25+kts!
 
That's being generous. My favourite assumption devoid of reality in that article was the one that Collins was en par with the Canadian Upholders except we paid more than $1.5 billion. If people are going to misrepresent and consider things under such grossly simplistic terms it’s no wonder the public debate on SEA 1000 has no remote resemblance to the discussion in the professional defence community.
Or that not only are Indonesia's three new "state-of-the art conventional submarines" (AKA Type 209) threaten Australia's lead in submarine capability, but so too do Vietnam's upcoming 4-6 Russian-built Kilos.

My favourite Victoria-class factoid is that in order to fire Mk48 torpedoes they replaced some of the fire control components with those from the Oberon-class they replaced, thereby losing the ability to fire Sub-Harpoon ASMs. Unbelievable.
 

Abraham Gubler

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Final point is regarding the costs of construction of the Collins-class at ASC. It has been suggested that the Australian build program was a massive waste of money when they could have been built cheaper in Europe.
It is my understanding of the program that the construction costs were not outrageous, and that it may have even have come in on budget. If it is so, how many projects of that size and complexity can say the same?
The Collins build contract came in $40m over budget. It then required about another $150m in rectification work. So a total over budget run of around $200m which is pretty minimal for its scope. There was another billion spent on the fast track program to replace the combat system and other obsolete equipment from the initial contract. But even this billion only brought the Collins in at 20% over budget.

It is also my understanding that the requirements of the Collins-class program was to have some 70% Australian content. This work employed Australians (not Swedes or Germans) and introduced modern manufacturing procedures at a time when Australian manufacturing was uncompetitive and quite antiquated. The cost premium for building in Australia wasn't excessive to my mind.
Even without the benefits to local industry spending 70% in Australia makes for huge net savings to Government compared to buying overseas for maybe a total 20-30% (or even 50%) cheaper contract. You have to be real ignorant and/or stupid (or hunting a hefty sales commission) to characterise an overseas build as cheaper and the Collins build as a failure.
 

gf0012-aust

Grumpy Old Man
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My favourite assumption devoid of reality in that article was the one that Collins was en par with the Canadian Upholders except we paid more than $1.5 billion. If people are going to misrepresent and consider things under such grossly simplistic terms it’s no wonder the public debate on SEA 1000 has no remote resemblance to the discussion in the professional defence community.
Thats one of the things that cracks me up.

I remember sitting in a room in 1999 where VADM Chris Barrie basically hooked into the Victorias (Upholders) when some genius in the press suggested that we get the Vics/U's as a second if not replacement squadron.

he spent an hour outlining the problems, and that was with RN, USN, RNZN and CN senior sirs present. (The Canadians hadn't expressed an interest in them at that point)

anyone from that period would know why we ran a mile from them.
 

MickB

Well-Known Member
I've been an avid reader for a while but this is my first post. While to some it may seem the issues raised by Sea Toby are pointless, just reading the detailed replies to his posts put forward by defence professionals greatly increases my own knowledge.
In essence he asks the stupid questions so I don't have to.

An example of this is I beleaved the size of the Collins class was all about range and time on station, the power generation requirements for the sensor package never occured to me. Keep up the informed debate no matter how frustrating it may be.
 

AegisFC

Super Moderator
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Well the nuts and bolts of the article and are calling for a larger gun out to 155mm to be used on the sea 5000 future Frigate same as the Zumwalt class destroyer, would the Hobart hull if used as the replacement frigate hull accommodate the Advanced Gun System?
Not if you want the ship to be useful at anything else.
There were plans back in the early 2000's to convert a USN Sprucan as an in service NGS testbed. The study looked at three mounting solutions and the forward suggestion would of replaced the existing gun and the VLS farm. The two aft solutions would of required the removal of the Sea Chicken launcher, the aft gun mount and a fairly extensive rebuild of the aft end of the ship.

Thats one of the things that cracks me up.

I remember sitting in a room in 1999 where VADM Chris Barrie basically hooked into the Victorias (Upholders) when some genius in the press suggested that we get the Vics/U's as a second if not replacement squadron.

he spent an hour outlining the problems, and that was with RN, USN, RNZN and CN senior sirs present. (The Canadians hadn't expressed an interest in them at that point)

anyone from that period would know why we ran a mile from them.
It amazes me Canada picked those lemons in the first place and that they continue to blow money on them.
 

Sea Toby

New Member
Or that not only are Indonesia's three new "state-of-the art conventional submarines" (AKA Type 209) threaten Australia's lead in submarine capability, but so too do Vietnam's upcoming 4-6 Russian-built Kilos.

My favourite Victoria-class factoid is that in order to fire Mk48 torpedoes they replaced some of the fire control components with those from the Oberon-class they replaced, thereby losing the ability to fire Sub-Harpoon ASMs. Unbelievable.
Maybe so, but the Canadian do not use their submarines for strike missions. They use their submarines more for ASW exercises with their frigates, and for scouting surveillance missions, and to fight the enemy's submarines near their coasts. They will let the US Navy attack enemy task forces with their carrier battle groups. Their small number of diesel submarines aren't the large number of US/UK attack nuclear propelled submarines deployed throughout the world. When it comes to a hard kill against large merchantmen, torpedoes have much more bang than a harpoon although at far less range. Harpoons hit ships and start a fire, whereas torpedoes break their backbones, i.e., the keels of ships.

For the above reasons the Canadians did not join Australia with the Collins class. Australia and Canada have different submarine agendas.
 

Abraham Gubler

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Maybe so, but the Canadian do not use their submarines for strike missions. They use their submarines more for ASW exercises with their frigates, and for scouting surveillance missions, and to fight the enemy's submarines. They will let the US Navy attack an enemy task forces with their carrier battle groups. And when it comes to a hard kill against large merchantmen, torpedoes have much more bang than a harpoon although at far less range. Harpoons hit ships and start a fire, whereas torpedoes break their backbones, i.e., the keels of ships.
The whole point of a sub launched Harpoon is to take out a threatening enemy ASW surface asset (ie anti submarine frigate). It isn’t there to sink carriers or commercial shipping. It’s part of a submarine's survival suite. Which is why losing it from the Victoria class is such a letdown.

Speaking of the Canadian Upholder experience it is very illuminating of the kind of after market expense one faces in supporting an imported boat. The initial acquisition cost of the Upholders may have been very cheap but the past ten years has indicated they would have been better off license building three ~2,000 tonne SSKs. Would save them money in the long run even if one of the boats didn’t have to be written off.
 

Abraham Gubler

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For the above reasons the Canadians did not join Australia with the Collins class. Australia and Canada have different submarine agendas.
LOL. When Australia was planning the New Submarine (which became the Collins class) the Canadians were planning on building 12 SSNs. Then the Cold War ended and so to it recapitalisation cash. They thought they could get way with buying four new submarines for the price of a single Collins boat. Why on earth would they join the Collins project under these circumstances?
 

Sea Toby

New Member
LOL, the threat to the US between Hawaii and California is huge! The issue here is all about spatial understanding. In particular the range demands for the RAN in operating submarines. Attached is an equal area map based on the Pacific Basin. Unlike the Mercator projection it gives a proper distance relationship between A and B.

http://www.geoware-online.com/GeowarePacificOceanBasinMap.jpg
The US has defense commitments in the Pacific to all of the Central and Western Pacific nations with the exception of the Southwest Pacific states more closely aligned with Australia, all the way to Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Australia. Practically all of the Pacific, much less NATO, and pretty much all of Latin America.
Does Australia have the same defense commitments? And while its not on paper, with the large number of Jews in the US northeast corridor, we have commitments to Israel as well.
 

aussienscale

The Bunker Group
Verified Defense Pro
The US has defense commitments in the Pacific to all of the Central and Western Pacific nations with the exception of the Southwest Pacific states more closely aligned with Australia, all the way to Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Australia. Practically all of the Pacific, much less NATO, and pretty much all of Latin America.
Does Australia have the same defense commitments? And while its not on paper, with the large number of Jews in the US northeast corridor, we have commitments to Israel as well.
Mate you really like to take statements totally out of context and rant on don't you ? BTW still waiting for an answer from you which started this current barrage of crap to begin with ? But when challenged you tend to ignore and continue with ranting posts.
 

ADMk2

Just a bloke
Staff member
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Within the word-limits applying, this letter summarised recent public debate on the future submarine project. As part of a general discussion, it also suggested that any examination of options should at least look at the possibility of leasing some nuclear-powered boats from the US. This is obviously far removed from "pushing for a nuclear submarine" - just as we have not advocated any other particular option.
And why on Earth would we want to lease nuke subs? To "test" for ourselves whether or not we can make use of them, when we aren't ever GOING to make use of them?

No nuke industry in Australia = no nukes...

Next useless topic to pursue?
 

Todjaeger

Potstirrer
The US has defense commitments in the Pacific to all of the Central and Western Pacific nations with the exception of the Southwest Pacific states more closely aligned with Australia, all the way to Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Australia. Practically all of the Pacific, much less NATO, and pretty much all of Latin America.
Does Australia have the same defense commitments? And while its not on paper, with the large number of Jews in the US northeast corridor, we have commitments to Israel as well.
US defence commitments area all well and good. Given this is a RAN thread, one should look at what Australia's defence commitments are, and what the ADF has to meet them with, as well as the resources that Australia can draw upon.

IIRC the regular establishment of the ADF as a whole is similar to of the USCG. The ADF has ~50,000 - 53,000 personnel, while the USCG has ~41,500 and there are ~1,260,000 regulars in service in the US across the US Army, USAF, USN, USMC and USCG.

Also while Australia has comparable land and sea claims to that of the US, the US has a population of ~300 mil. while Australia has a population of only ~22 mil. or roughly the population of the State of Texas, less the population of the State of Connecticut or Iowa.

Something else to consider. Australia has EEZ claims around Heard Island, and Perth WA being the closest major population centre is over 4,100 km away. Of the major population centres on the East Coast where most Australians live, Melbourne VIC is closest, at ~5,600 km.

Now, how about instead of attempting to engage in a hypothetical 'size-measuring' contest, we instead discuss what is relevant, reasonable and appropriate for Australia's naval capabilities and requirements as that is what this thread topic is supposed to be about, hmm?
 

gf0012-aust

Grumpy Old Man
Staff member
Verified Defense Pro
For the above reasons the Canadians did not join Australia with the Collins class. Australia and Canada have different submarine agendas.
The canadians were never in the game for collins because they were after nukes.

the whole attractive deal with the Vics was that they were a rescaled nuke with conventional power

ah the Vics, golly gosh, another recaled sub with problems. who would have thought...
 
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Sea Toby

New Member
Mate you really like to take statements totally out of context and rant on don't you ? BTW still waiting for an answer from you which started this current barrage of crap to begin with ? But when challenged you tend to ignore and continue with ranting posts.
I presume whether the German HDW Type216 may be suitable for Australia? While it may not, I shall await seeing the designs before I dismiss it. Others have already dismissed it without even a glance, much less studying it.

Interesting video:

[nomedia="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qLC9OM0ocfQ"]Defence plans Collins class replacement - YouTube[/nomedia]
 

StingrayOZ

Super Moderator
Staff member
The reason why people are dismissing it has nothing to do with the specifications of the 216 (well not really) its because we have gone down that exact same path before with a company that is now part of HDW in a contract that HDW was evaluated and did not win.

Australia has already done this. We scaled up the best European design we could with an organisation that won a competitive process for technology transfer and construction know how. The problems were many, and at the end of the day we probably would have been better off starting from scratch ourselves, at least then we would own the concept completely (IP) and know that it was designed and developed properly. If anything HDW is going to be more painful in terms of IP and technology transfer of trade secrets because they the biggest international builder of diesel submarines and will want to protect that and would have issue with Australia sharing everything with the US or another nation in its development. While they have extensive experience with small european SSK's, scaling doesn't work, as you are designing an entirely new device for an entirely new purpose. Australia wouldn't use any of HDW weapon systems, command, communications or sensors, AIP, prop would be new, hull would be new, most likely different engines or in a different configuration etc. This is not commercial off the shelf, its a completely new gadget.

It would be akin to scaling a Nimitz down to a frigate, or scaling up a Cessna to carry 400 passengers. While some basic concept are similar, you would be best to start out with a entirely fresh design. Australia could source components or portions from HDW or its suppliers and in fact this is easier if its our own design rather than someone elses. Being free of HDW would mean would could partner someone with greater capabilities like Electric Boat and or the Japanese both of which have even greater experience (particularly with systems we would like to use) and resources to use on a clean sheet design with the latest considerations and technology.

Australia would then be free to develop and adapt as needed.Im sure the 216 is a very interesting boat, but for a number of reasons I doubt we will go down that path, again.
 
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