Priority was being given to the war with Germany, but Japan might have been able to capture the Phillipines any way,, but the war would have been over lot faster if USA had not been at war with Germany.
I would suggest that USA might have failed against Japan without learning some important lessons in the war with Germany, in particular learning from the British experience, Gaining bases in Australia and New Zealand for the attack on Guadalcanal and most importantly learning U-boat tactics which did more to cripple Japan's war than any other aspect. Incidentally US subs operated from Fremantle so not co-operating with British Commonwealth forces would have been a disaster for both British and USA.
As for the OP one needs to recall the original context. From Japan's point of view (which I don't agree entirely) Japan felt obliged by an oil embargo and naval blockade from July 1941 to take the next step and sieze South East Asia's oil fields. In that respect it was an act of desperation with dwindling fuel supplies.
The purpose of attacking Pearl Harbour was to prevent the intervention of US Pacific forces in Japan's conquest of these oil fields. Nothing more. Japanese thinking was tactical and not Strategic. Nobody thought beyond the next step.
Yamato correctly predicted the disaster of attacking USA, but even he did not extrapoloate from that the need to ensure destruction of the carrier fleet based at Pearl. Why did Japanese submarines not lie off Pearl and wait for return of the carriers?
Why did the Japanese carrier fleet not next hunt for the US carrier fleet?
Ironically war with USA was not the Japanese objective.