Italy seems happy with Sweden as a partner. I think the only reason Sweden isn't a full partner is because the Swedes have chosen not to join in fully yet.
Not being keen on partnership with France, Germany & Spain as partners for a fast jet isn't necessarily to do with the EU. Could be to do with industry. Leonardo (including its British business, of course) will lead radar development, & perhaps some other systems on a UK/Italy/Japan fast jet. Thales might not agree with that on a France/Germany/Italy/Spain aeroplane.
The EU isn't always the main factor in such decisions, or even, always, a significant factor. Not noticed how the Germans are getting pally with Israel on radars? Perhaps that's because collaboration with IAI on long-range radars is expected to make more work for Hensoldt than buying from Thales Nederland.
And so on . . . don't see the EU behind everything. It can look like an unhealthy obsession.
Impressively fact free waffling.
Italy made extensive efforts to get into SCAF and is even now the party pushing for a "merger".
I mean Italian industry, think-tanks, government, media have talked non-stop about a "united european project" and continue so.
Italy was effectively left out of FCAS because it is so involved so deeply in the F-35 construct, we're talking major long-term production and maintenance roles and thus rather compromised by US defence industrial complex.
They got involved with the UK in order to keep their native aviation industry in work and to try and perhaps bring the 2 developments together later.
Like Sweden they were primarily lo keen on R&D collaboration.
They aren't actually committed to GCAP yet either, but figure this might be a good fit because Jap&UK also have F35 fleets that are also tied up long-term, with the respective carrier set up absolutely necessitating F35B operations, no alternatives.
German-Israeli defence industrial cooperation is also longstanding and deep.
Who do you think built Israels cruise-missile submarines for their nukes?
Thales and hensodt are complementary companies.
Thales provides most of germen naval systems including in the MKS 180 currently in production.
The next Frigate program thereafter is is being planned jointly with the Netherlands by the way and will replace the current AA frigates for both. Thales for sure..
Meanwhile Hensoldt is focused on cruise missile, swarm and stealth detection/neutralisation as well as forward in-theatre systems.
Hensoldt will also be leading the FCAS EW program..
None of this is classified. Why can someone who spends his time on defence boards not manage to read up on this stuff?