Russian Air Force News & Discussion

Feanor

Super Moderator
Staff member
Update.

Sukhoi's Su-75 project is proceeding despite the sanctions and changes. In principle Russia could get good value out of a relatively cheap single-engine fighter, and a combination of Su-57 and Su-75 to replace the massive mess of MiG-29, MiG-35, MiG-31, Su-27, Su-30M2/SM, Su-34, Su-35S with just two jets is a good idea in principle. However the very limited use the Su-57 has seen in recent conflicts, both Syria and Ukraine, raises questions about the readiness of the type for combat. Continued production of both the Su-35S and Su-34M side by side with the Su-57 also raises questions.


A rare Russian M-55 Geophysics high altitude aircraft was spotted carrying a recon pod. Allegedly this is part of a program to turn the type into a high-altitude recon aircraft, a sort of modern day U-2. However it seems like an ersatz for things like the Tu-214R and A-50U/A-100. And these pods were initially designed for the Su-34 where they properly belong. If completed this program will undoubtedly add to Russian capabilities, but it's suboptimal at best.


Russian 40N6 long range S-400 missiles have been confirmed in both combat use and front-line deployment. The missile, despite being lauded for a decade and a half, only now makes a meaningful appearance. It's a relevant and significant gain in capability and it likely represents the current war pushing Russia to get as many things to combat effectiveness as possible.


Russia is reportedly starting MiG-31K patrols over the Black Sea with the missiles gaining the ability to be reprogrammed in flight. Prior to this the type had to be programmed on the ground, and then launched. On the one hand this means you can use them against moving targets. On the other hand, what moving targets? Leaving aside the AShM role, it doesn't seem like there's much that moves worth expending an expensive and scarce hypersonic missile for. The AShM role is of course not irrelevant, especially against someone like the US.


There is information that Russia is planning to mount an under-fuselage radar on the Ka-52Ms. This is an interesting contrast to the Apache and to the Russian Mi-28NM which have it mounted above the rotor. The Ka-52 did many things differently from the Mi-28 family and I suspect this is more adaptations aimed at incorporating local knowledge and experience rather then following general trends.


Russia has taken delivery of another batch of Su-35S. Conspicuously absent are news of Su-35S deliveries to Iran which raises questions about production bottlenecks. Nonetheless production of the type is continuing for 20+ months after the war started.


Russia has taken delivery of the 3rd Il-76MD-90A this year.


Russia has also taken delivery of another batch of Su-34M. The type is significant more relevant with the advent of gliding bombs, though there are some questions about it's radar and EO systems.

 

Ananda

The Bunker Group

Rosoboron video on their latest variant of IL-76. They call it IL-76MD-90AE. New Engines, new undercarriage, new cockpits and electronics. Rosoborn claim capabilities to transport 60ton for 4000+km.

Seems they are quite sure they have solve production supply chain problems. Thus ready to enter again export market. I do suspect asside for Domestic, they want to regain Indian market on heavy transport.
 

swerve

Super Moderator
It still has a narrow, low ceiling, cargo box, which limits what it can carry compared to C-2 or A400M (or An-70 if it was being built), let alone C-17.
 

Feanor

Super Moderator
Staff member
It still has a narrow, low ceiling, cargo box, which limits what it can carry compared to C-2 or A400M (or An-70 if it was being built), let alone C-17.
It's a case of using what you have rather then what you want. Russia inherited fleets of Il-76 and An-124s that are larger then what Russia realistically needs so development of future heavy transports has been mostly dead for a while. When it was resurrected they managed to get an upgraded Il-76 as their flagship product so it's what they can offer. It's not the worst heavy cargo plane but it has limitations. And it works ok as a air-tanker and a AEW platform, so it will likely see continued production at least for domestic use for years to come. No doubt somebody on the export market will buy it eventually, quite possibly someone without many options, and possibly through a complex payment scheme. Imagine a Venezuela that successfully takes over that disputed part of Guiana and now has oil fields but not the means to develop them, needs a handful of heavy transport planes but doesn't have the cash to purchase them and also has sanctions against it. Suddenly new upgraded Il-76s start to look good especially when you can pay for them by giving a Russian oil company some concessions to develop certain fields. Just a hypothetical and probably not the likeliest one, but between Iran, Syria, and other such client states, there are certain possibilities.
 

Feanor

Super Moderator
Staff member
Update.

Overall as the second year of war draws to a close the VVS have made a major contribution on the battlefield. Unlike the first year when they were losing many jets, and launching quite ineffective strikes, they have now substantially expanded their PGM arsenal with gliding bombs and the Kh-38 family of guided missiles. From the helo standpoint, unlike the rare and expensive LMUR, the Vikhr allowed Russian helos to start playing a more traditional role on the battlefield. A substantial portion of Ukrainian vehicles in the south were destroyed by these helos. However new challenges definitely loom ahead as the number of modern SAMs used by Ukraine increases and they are being used more aggressively near the front. The impending arrival of F-16s also remains a significant challenge.

Russia has received their 5th Il-76MD-90A this year. Reportedly one more aircraft is about to be handed over. It seems 6 per year is the realistic current production volume. Given expanded Russian plans to stand up more transport air regiments, their production will certainly continue beyond the current contract.


Russia has reportedly taken delivery of batches of Su-30SM2 fighters and Yak-130 trainers. These are the second batch of each delivered this year. Reportedly the Su-30SM2 features upgrades to it's radio-electronics, but what this means is unclear. It's likely the SM2s are meant for the AVMF. They've also taken delivery of the 5th batch of Su-35S and 3rd batch of Su-34s this year. Quantities are unclear for all.


A new Su-57 was spotted at GLITs. Production of the type continues but it's less public then ever before.


It appears Russia is about to field their first rotary attack UAV, the Termite, carrying a payload of 3 laser-guided S-8 variants.


A couple of Russian Orion-S UAVs next to a hangar. The type is still reportedly in production but remains relatively scarce.


Russian Ka-52M flying around with an LMUR. The newest variants of the Ka-52 and Mi-28 both integrate their most successful helo-based weapons, the LMUR and Vikhr.


Reportedly Russia has completed improvements to the Pantsyr's missile defense capabilities. This comes as announcement of the deployment of Pantsyr-SM to the front arrive, so it might refer to that variant of the SAM.


The VVS have begun a large retraining program for pilots to learn how to use the new gliding bombs.


A new batch of Vikhr ATGMs was delivered.

 

Feanor

Super Moderator
Staff member
@Feanor is there anymore development on PAK-VTA that you have found? Asside this information:


Seems this is the latest one that I can find. Seems also the progress going to be tight up on the development of PD-35 big turbofan.
It's been crickets. The current war has shifted priorities away from ambitious future projects and towards what can be used sooner rather the later. I have no doubt Russia will attempt an An-124 replacement at some point, barring something really crazy happening, but it's likely not going to be a priority for the time being.
 

Ananda

The Bunker Group


Russia seems decide to replace L-39 with cheaper trainer then their Yak-130. Base on the article, the Basic Training will be conducted by this Mig-UTS and Advance/LIFT Training use YAK-130. The Drive article speculate the Russian AF not really satisfied with YAK-130. However I tend to agree with Jane's that YAK-130 just too expensive to also be use for Basic Training regime.

MIG going to recycling some MIG-AT design (which lose to YAK-130), and make it more affordable. This is also in my opinion indication for Russian AF to increase their pilots production.
 

Sandhi Yudha

Well-Known Member


Russia seems decide to replace L-39 with cheaper trainer then their Yak-130. Base on the article, the Basic Training will be conducted by this Mig-UTS and Advance/LIFT Training use YAK-130. The Drive article speculate the Russian AF not really satisfied with YAK-130. However I tend to agree with Jane's that YAK-130 just too expensive to also be use for Basic Training regime.

MIG going to recycling some MIG-AT design (which lose to YAK-130), and make it more affordable. This is also in my opinion indication for Russian AF to increase their pilots production.
Big chance the MiG-UTS is just a slightly updated MiG-AT, but this is of course the most efficient way to reduce the development period and to keep the costs low.
 

Feanor

Super Moderator
Staff member
Some big new for the Russian airforce. 4 Tu-160M and M2 bombers have been handed over. 2 (M) are upgraded existing Tu-160s, and 2 (M2s) are new builds. There are now 4 newbuild M2 variants in service total. With the shrinking of the Tu-22M3 fleet, the aging of the Tu-95s, and the continued delays of the PAK-DA program, this is likely the future of Russian strategic aviation for the next two decades. The PAK-DA will likely get completed eventually, and we will see some quantities in service, but it will be a while.


The number of A-50s in storage has shrunk from 11 to 7. The source speculates that this is due to them being scrapped, but I wouldn't be surprised if at least some are disappearing because they're headed off to be converted into A-50Us.


A new Russian trainer, the UTS-800, has begun trials. It's competing with the Yak-152 program. It's currently flying with a GE engine, but transition to a domestic engine is planned. Engine problems are the bane of many Russian aviation programs at this time.


Russia is expecting to complete trials and potentially field the new smaller anti-UAV missiles for the Pantsyr this year. 4 of them fit into a standard Pantsyr missile tube, and they were initially developed in response to experience from Syria.


The S-70 large UCAV is planned to complete trials this year with serial production to begin. Theoretically this is a fairly advanced LO platform and could do much good against Ukrainian air defenses. But as always there are questions.


A Russian M-55 high altitude plan carrying to recon pods. Note from the coloration it's obvious these pods were meant for the Su-34. It's unclear why these pods aren't being used on the Su-34.


Russia's new Izd. 720 missile was spotted. It's yet another weapon meant for the internal bays of an Su-57.


The first A-100 prototype sits in hangar. The status of the program is unclear, and Russia badly needs a modern AEW.


At least 4 Su-57s were handed over right before the new year. Reportedly over 10 total were delivered. Their use in the current war remains mostly speculative. We still don't have word on the first line squadron reaching combat readiness, but given the secrecy and the war it's unclear if we will get confirmation until long after it happens.


Russia apparently received 6 newly built Il-76s last year. This program is finally making some headway.

 

Ananda

The Bunker Group

Army Recognition put article base on Russian media information, on decision to revive stored AN-124. Restoring stored aircraft itvself is not unheard of, afterall US doing countless time including restoring some C-5 which basically AN-124 counterpart.

However I don't see Russian stored facility at par with US AMARG. They don't have (on similar capabilities) as Davis-Monthan AFB for restoration facility. Also US have Arizona climate to help shield stored aircraft from elements, and I don't see Russia has right environment to provide that kind of natural shield.

For that, I do believe their stored aircraft in worse condition than those in AMARG. This particular AN-124 being talk has been stored for 25 years, practically from end of last century. Thus if they are able to do this restoration, it is in my opinion quite significant achievement.
 

Sandhi Yudha

Well-Known Member

Army Recognition put article base on Russian media information, on decision to revive stored AN-124. Restoring stored aircraft itvself is not unheard of, afterall US doing countless time including restoring some C-5 which basically AN-124 counterpart.

However I don't see Russian stored facility at par with US AMARG. They don't have (on similar capabilities) as Davis-Monthan AFB for restoration facility. Also US have Arizona climate to help shield stored aircraft from elements, and I don't see Russia has right environment to provide that kind of natural shield.

For that, I do believe their stored aircraft in worse condition than those in AMARG. This particular AN-124 being talk has been stored for 25 years, practically from end of last century. Thus if they are able to do this restoration, it is in my opinion quite significant achievement.
To keep an aircraft in a good condition during storage, scheduled inspections and other maintenance actions are required. Even the preparation for long storage should have been done properly.
I can not believe that during the collapse of the Soviet-Union, such things happen.

Many Boeing 737MAX aeroplanes were grounded for around two years, because of the two crashes and later also because of Covid-19. During these two years the condition of these aircrafts deteriorated, even with the required maintenance.

And these An-124 were in the open field for more than 2 decades, imagine the condition of these aircrafts. Even a single ferry flight to the main maintenance facility for further repairs and overhaul requires a tremendous amount of manhours and funds. Like you said, it will be an amazing achievement if they succeed in it.

I just don't understand why this An-124 needs to become operational, as far as i know no Russian An-124 is taken out of the air during this war, and several new Il-76MD-90As each year are coming out of the factory.
 

Sandhi Yudha

Well-Known Member
Some interesting news. Reportedly Russia is resuming production of the Citroen C5 Aircross in Kaluga. How this is possible is unclear. Perhaps it's an unlicensed copy, perhaps Russia got some sort of deal with France. The article says "Eastern partners will source the parts" suggesting that maybe Russia is going to get components through China or someone else. But that can't be impossible to shut down. In general Russian automotive production is the on mend, though a long way from peak output levels.


One of Russia's biggest problems right now is civilian airliners. Modern day Russia does produce them but there are some caveats. Russia has domestic production for the SSJ-100, the most successful post-Soviet airliners in the entire FSU space. However it was an international project all along, together with the French. Russia can produce the Tu-214 mostly without foreign components, but production is extremely slow. Same for the Il-96. Other projects are in limbo due to engine difficulties. Rostech keeps announcing Napoleonic plans of large scale production of SSJ-NEW, MS-21s, Tu-214s, and others, but the delivery timetables keeping shifting to the right. I'm reasonably certain that on a long enough timeline these issues will be overcome. In particular we are likely to see some increased Tu-214 production, though how much is open for debate. The SSJ-NEW is likely to go ahead in some form, unless the PD-8 engines turns into a major problem. Even the MS-21 is likely to proceed, just with lower characteristics then initially planned, and much later.


In the effort of ramping up Tu-214 production, Russia has developed a new machine for making tires for the type.


Russia has pulled a Tu-204 from storage and returned it to service. A total of nearly 100 Tu-204/214s were built, and quite a few aren't currently flying. Restoring them to service isn't the worst idea.


The first new built Il-114 regional airliner flew. The project hails from the '90s, an updated version of it is being prepared to restart production. A rebuilt airframe from the '90s was used for testing before now. However it's been held up by the new TV7-117 engines, the same that are holding up the Mi-38 helo, and Il-112 military transport. The engines are now allegedly good to go, but doubts remain.


Assembly of the first TVRS-44 regional airliner (smaller than the Il-114) is being assembled now. It's supposed to use a weaker version of the same engine as the Il-114.


Kolyma airlines have received two Mi-38-4s for civilian air service. These two helicopters were originally built for the Special Air Squadron Russia, which does VIP transport for Russian higher ups. It's likely the Mi-38 was deemed not ready for this highly visible role. So far 4 prototypes and 9 serial Mi-38s have been built, but production has been halted since 2021.

So the Il-112 is created to replace the An-26, and the TVRS-44 is like the Il-114 designed to replace the An-24. Why didn't they redesign the empennage from the Il-112 (for removing the cargo ramp door) or shorten the fuselage of the Il-114 and instead of that start a new design from scratch?
TVRS-44 "Ladoga" commercial aircraft. Pictures, specifications, reviews. (airlines-inform.com)

KrasAvia to test prototype TVRS-44 under provisional acquisition deal | News | Flight Global
 

Feanor

Super Moderator
Staff member
So the Il-112 is created to replace the An-26, and the TVRS-44 is like the Il-114 designed to replace the An-24. Why didn't they redesign the empennage from the Il-112 (for removing the cargo ramp door) or shorten the fuselage of the Il-114 and instead of that start a new design from scratch?
TVRS-44 "Ladoga" commercial aircraft. Pictures, specifications, reviews. (airlines-inform.com)

KrasAvia to test prototype TVRS-44 under provisional acquisition deal | News | Flight Global
I have no idea. It might yet work out that way. At the end of the day the TVRS-44 might be a complete failure.
 

Feanor

Super Moderator
Staff member
So the Il-112 is created to replace the An-26, and the TVRS-44 is like the Il-114 designed to replace the An-24. Why didn't they redesign the empennage from the Il-112 (for removing the cargo ramp door) or shorten the fuselage of the Il-114 and instead of that start a new design from scratch?
TVRS-44 "Ladoga" commercial aircraft. Pictures, specifications, reviews. (airlines-inform.com)

KrasAvia to test prototype TVRS-44 under provisional acquisition deal | News | Flight Global
An interesting article related to your point that suggests that current plans, as they have been announced, might be horsesh*t, at least as far as the Il-212 is concerned. It points out that the PD-8 weighs over 4 times as much as a TV7-117. It also provides well over double the power (nearly triple). So the current wings can't handle the weight, and the resulting aircraft will be faster and carry much more weight, meaning it doesn't make sense for the transport niche that the Il-112 was planned for. The article then suggests that if the Il-114 is successful, it might be the way to go.

 

Feanor

Super Moderator
Staff member
Update.

Rostech CEO Chemezov claims Russia will restore A-50 production. This seems very unlikely, though another A-50U was handed over on March 2nd. There are still many un-upgraded A-50s in storage, and this is probably what he's referring to in an awkward way. Rostech has been caught mixing upgraded and actually produced stats before.


The A-100 doing a testing flight with the radar apparently installed. The program appears to be going ahead, and is essential to the future of the VVS.


The Ashuluk training center has a full squadron of Su-35S and Su-30SM2, mixed between the types.


Perm' Engines, part of United Enginebuilding Corporation, states they are ready to resume production of the D-30F6 MiG-31 engines. Note there are quite a few MiG-31 airframes in storage that could be refitted into MiG-31BMs in theory, and engines might be one of the requirements. The type has proven it's value in the current war, and with another radar and avionics upgrade, it could remain relevant for quite some time to come.


Russia took delivery of two batches of Su-34s and two of Su-35S so far this year, quantities in each batch are unclear but at least 2 aircraft per batch, likely 2-4 each.


According to Sukhoi statements, they produced 12 Su-57s last year. KnAAPO has produced 25+ (as many as ~40 jets) in past years, and yet Su-35S deliveries have been slower then that. Su-57 production might explain that. Though if everything is well with the Su-57, why bother with more Su-35S at all?


Another batch of Yak-130s was also delivered.


Russia is testing basing Su-33s on Far North airfields. This is a questionable idea since the Su-33 at best is an Su-27SM equivalent, an aircraft that was a budget upgrade 20 years ago.


A MiG-31I with an ASAT missile.


A AVMF Su-30SM2 equipped with the R-37M, possibly in anticipation of engaging F-16s.


An Su-57 flying with a pod designed to gather data during weapon testing.


Russia is developing an air-launched loitering munition, for both internal and external weapon bays.


Russia is testing a new loitering munition, the Strela. However with a stated range of 35kms and payload of 3 kilos, off a rail launcher, it's unclear what the point is. Lancets are already better. It's possible this is a competitor project, or an attempt to overcome some sort of production bottleneck.


Russia has begun domestic production of electric motors for UAVs. Obviously quantities won't be able to completely replace export for a very long time, especially given the war needs, but it's a step in that direction.


There are reports that Russia provided ~1000 female African migrants student visas under the condition of working at a UAV assembly factory. This is reportedly a work-study program.


Reportedly S-500 deliveries have begun.


Russia has apparently tested a domestic Frankensam, launching an R-77 from a truck chassis. Why is unclear.


The first VK-650V engines for Ansat helos are handed over for trials. Enginebuilding is certain areas is an issue for certain Russian programs.

 

Feanor

Super Moderator
Staff member
Update.

The Il-212 program continues from the Il-112, and now the plan is to re-engine it for the PD-8 jet engine. If there's anything to be confident about it's that this project will not see service any time soon. At this point buying something Chinese might be wise.


The Su-30SM regiment in Kaliningrad, the 689th Fighter Rgt, has been transferred from Naval Aviation to the VKS. This is a continuation of the long decline of Russian AVMF from a once formidable arm to now a mere support service.


A production line of Yak-130M and Su-30SM2 at IAPO and Su-35S and Su-57 at KnAAPO. Despite the clearly ongoing production of the Su-57S there is no effort to move away from legacy platforms in production.


Russian VKS gets another batch of Su-30SM2.


Russia got a batch of MiG-31BMs, the first in 2024. These jets were thought, pre-war, to be relatively useless in a modern war, but with the R-37M missile they have done quite well over Ukraine. Making matters more interesting is the recent tactical nuclear weapons exercise where they flew with nuclear R-33 missiles (simulated or real unclear). The significance is that a long range air-to-air nuclear missile could negate quite a few advantages of more capable jets.


Belousov publicly stated that the VKS will build air shelters. This is a much delayed decision and I hope they opt for something properly hardened, the more the better. In the meantime they're putting up netting to shield jets.


I don't quite know where this belongs, but it appears Russian long range strike drone production in Alabuga is expanding, again. 4-5 new production halls were put up and 5 more buildings are under construction.


A newly produced Su-34 doing a flight in Novosibirsk. With the UMPK kits, the Kh-35U, and the Kh-38 family these jets are quite relevant to the current war effort though more could be done to increase their impact. Russia is reportedly working on a new Su-34 variant, with improved reconnaissance abilities, including unspecified upgrades to the radio-electronics. I suspect a new radar is in the works.


Russia has a new Yak-130M on show, reportedly it will carry an AESA radar, possibly in preparation for serving as a trainer for the Su-57 fleet.


Army 2024 is going on and we see a new stationary Pantsyr module on display. It mirrors the stationary Tor modules, might be adaptable to ship use (on those 22160s for example) and can probably be better on top of those air defense towers Russia built then a full truck chassis. They also show off the new smaller anti-drone missiles.


There's word coming out that Russia is looking at putting the FAB-5000 back into production. If it gets the UMPK treatment, it won't be carried by an Su-34, so presumably it will mean burning scarce airframe and engine hours for the Tu-22 fleet.


Russia showed off a pair of new aircraft launched UAV. Their foldable wings means they could also be placed in internal bays. One, the S-71K is a strike variant, and another, the S-71M, is a recon.


The S-70 UCAV is preparing for LRIP and serial production at NAPO.


Some sources are reporting a PAK-DA prototype spotted in a recent satellite photo, but I think it's an S-70 UCAV based on the size. It doesn't look nearly large enough for a strategic bomber.


Sukhoi has shown off the new S-76 drone, a large helo-type UAV, that doesn't require an airfield to base. It can carry up to 300 kg of load for 500 km. Reportedly this is 30-40% cheaper then Mi-8 flight but I'm unclear as to how they got that number. Cost per kilo-mile?

 

Ananda

The Bunker Group

Rosoboron put video on Yak-130M as modernized Yak-130 aim for LCA market. Considering the upgrade in sensors, armaments suits, could this also be Su-25 replacement? Either way as export market for LCA also heating up, this clearly in my opinion aim to compete with likes of KAI FA-50.
 

Ananda

The Bunker Group

Put this video on progress of Mi-38. This supposedly become Mi-8/17 replacement and potentially giving Russia something to offer against AW-101 in Export market.

The protracted development has been happening long before Ukraine War. Even after War started and western embargoes coming in full force, seems the development of fully Russian version will takes time. Sometimes I wandering whether Russia is put serious priority for Mi-17 replacement.
 
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