Sorry for this late post in regards to this post but im making my way through this thread.
In regards to avionics optoins that even typhoon and flanker do not offer and you doubt anyone will catch up ever, i take it your refering to F35?>
Id just say that even with 1/4 the economic wealth per head of population,that both china and india will be able to match the US in R&D.
Now if and when economic parity is reached by either of thoses nations then each will be able to expend 1/4 the monnies to realize the same R&D budget of the US(per head of population)so its only a matter of time before both can over take the US in the tech stakes.
Perhaps. Then again, perhaps not.
At present, the US seems to have the overall lead in both technology and R&D for military applications, as well as one of the largest (if it is not still the largest) economies and civilian/consumer tech bases in the world. With the latter assisting in development as well as funding the former.
According to current demographic projections, China and/or India will in the near (not immediate) future surpass the US in terms of economic strength, which then leads some to the belief that those countries will also surpass the US in terms of technology as well.
If either/both countries reach the point of economic 'superiority' if you will, and are able to maintain that for a period of time, then yes, it is likely these countries will be able to surpass US technology.
Simply having larger economies however, does not automatically ensure such technological domination. For starters, money/effort still needs to be expended on R&D. If China and/or India has a larger economy than the US, but only spends $10 billion per annum on R&D, while the US spends $20 billion per annum, neither country could reasonably expect to reach technological overmatch, particularly with the US starting with a technological edge.
It might not be possible for either country initially to begin matching the level of resources the US allocates towards R&D, once they have overtaken the US economically. After all, one of the reasons it seems likely that the economies of both countries will eventually overtake the US economy is because the two countries collectively have ~ 33% of the worlds total population, or each having roughly 3-4 x the US population. This also means that after initially assuming the larger economy, the nations' per capita will still be ~1/4 to 1/3 the per capita income of the US, which means that one should not automatically assume that it will be easy to fund the needed budget level.
Additionally, people often forget that the US does not stop conducting R&D, that the US technology base is not static. Therefore in order for a nation to achieve parity, a given nation would not only need to develop the technology the US already has, it also needs to be able to keep pace with future US developments. In order to achieve overmatch, not only does all this need to be accomplished, but then whatever nation also needs to be able to achieve technological breakthroughs at a faster pace than the US. Once the technological edge has been achieved, the given nation would then at a minimum need to match the pace of US R&D in order to maintain a technological edge.
Is such a situation possible? IMO certainly, but to achieve such an outcome is going to be the work of years, if not a generations.
-Cheers