RAAF and Pitch Black 04 - Exercise’s dominant influence

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Grumpy Old Man
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EXERCISE Pitch Black 04 dominated activity and attention across the Air Force for three weeks, but its effects will be even more far reaching.

Air Commodore John Quaife, Officer Conducting the Exercise (OCE), said PB04 – held out of RAAF Bases Darwin and Tindal from July 19-August 6 – would “be recognised as the catalyst for Air Force’s future directionâ€.

“There will be many initiatives to take up and we need to look at the lessons of what worked as well as what didn’t work. These will direct future tactics and modify both unit and individual training,†AIRCDRE Quaife said.

“The exercise had two main thrusts: first was the testing of existing procedures and second was the opportunity to explore more new areas than we have before. We found many opportunities to take Air Force forward, especially in command and control and the application of web-based targeting information at all levels of the organisation down to the cockpit.â€

AIRCDRE Quaife, who is also the Joint Force Air Component Commander at the Combined Air Operations Centre (CAOC) at RAAF Base Glenbrook, was pleased with the performance of the CAOC during the exercise.

“This was the first time the CAOC had stood up and we certainly kicked some goals. We demonstrated something outstanding and we think our allies will concur. A vital aspect was the distance of thousands of kilometres over which we operated. We established the CAOC in Glenbrook, remote from the NT, and were able to effectively run the campaign from there. It was nothing short of impressive,†he said. (Read more about the CAOC).

AIRCDRE Quaife said the relationships developed with the other participants – the French Air Force, Royal Thai Air Force and Republic of Singapore Air Force – were outstanding.

“The Thais and French fitted in well and it was a good reminder of how capable the RSAF is,†he said.

He said the nature of the exercise wasn’t about a win by the competing Red and Blue forces. The exercise was managed as an operational level campaign and for individual missions each event was set up to make Blue force members think through the mission in advance as well as testing the Red forces.

“It is fair to say everyone was a winner. Everyone had the chance to get out and have a go, then learn and improve,†AIRCDRE Quaife said.

An important factor in PB04 was the insertion of freeplay, asset removal and permanent kill protocols. The procedures worked very well and were a great process for developing individual skills.

“There’s nothing more reinforcing than being told you’ve been shot and removed from the exercise and then having to sit alone for a long time in the briefing room to think about how to do it better tomorrow,†AIRCDRE Quaife said.

About 1600 sorties were flown during PB04, providing vital training for pilots and ground crews.

AIRCDRE Quaife paid tribute to the personnel who worked hard to make the exercise work.

“Although I had the privilege of being the OCE, any event of this size and scale can’t be laid down to any individual so I can’t claim the credit for its success,†he said.

“It is an incredible testament of the organisational skills, professionalism and energy of a huge number of people and, indeed, the Air Force as a whole. We can all be justifiably proud of what we’ve achieved. People one day will look back and say, ‘I was a part of that’.â€

“It is important to remember that an exercise like this is not just about the pilots and simulated combat in the air. The effort that is required to make all this happen is tremendous. Aircraft technicians, support staff, mission planners, air traffic controllers, fighter controllers, ground-based air defence staff and logistic staff all had a vital role to play in making Exercise Pitch Black work.

“For the support areas, the loggies, fuellers, caterers, truck drivers and so on, PB04 has been quite a challenge. They have risen admirably to the challenge and proved their capabilities. Overall, I’d say we have achieved some very positive outcomes for the future.â€

Exercise Pitch Black involved over 1500 personnel and about 75 aircraft, as well as the Army’s 16th Air Defence Regiment.

CAF Air Marshal Angus Houston said the success of PB04 demonstrated “that we are well on the way to creating the networked Air Fore of the future.â€

 

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RAAF and Pitch Black 04 - Now you’re talking

ALTHOUGH four nations were represented at Exercise Pitch Black, language was no barrier to effective communication in the air and on the ground. English was the common link that made things work.

The French, Thai and Singaporean detachments all had a sound grasp of English. Some participants had even completed tertiary education in Australia.

While English was well understood by all, the accents were another matter. A broad Australian accent can be a challenge for someone taught English by an American or Briton. Perhaps the greatest challenge was the French accent, which was not familiar to the Australian, Thai or Singaporean ear.

Wing Commander Alan Clements, XO of the Blue Wing Operations Centre, said sorting out communications and understanding was the main focus of the first week.

“Language is not a barrier here, but it is a challenge that we have to overcome,†WGCDR Clements said. “Writing down procedures, standardising briefing formats and giving all participants the opportunity to ask questions and confirm their understanding was essential.

“We made sure that there was face-to-face interaction during mission briefs and debriefs. We made sure that communications procedures were standardised and that everyone knew what to do when they heard key words. We have a common language, the language of flying.â€

The first week of the exercise focused on relatively simple air tasks that allowed pilots, fighter controllers, base operations staff and civilian air traffic controllers to confirm procedures and make sure that everybody could walk before that were asked to run and then fly. Some call-signs were simplified to ensure pronunciations did not cause confusion.

Major Spencer Lee, of the RSAF, said the Singaporeans were used to training with the Thais and Australians and had “no real problem with the lingo and the accentsâ€.

During the third and final week of PB04 there were up to 60 aircraft participating in simulated air combat at the same time; there is no room for misunderstandings in that environment.

Next time these nations need to train, or fight, together they will be using the experience and understanding provided by PB04.



Accent on cooperation ... WO1 Glynn Potter, of 16th Air Defence Regiment, discusses operational tactics with LTCOL Tommy Tan, of the Republic of Singapore Air Force. 16AD Regt and the RSAF worked together to form the ground-based air defence component.

Photo by CPL Darren Hilder

http://www.defence.gov.au/news/raafnews/editions/4614/topstories/story01b.htm
 

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Re: RAAF and Pitch Black 04 - Interaction a highlight of exercise

FOR Singaporean weapons systems officer Captain Lee Li Hwee, the opportunity to participate in Pitch Black was an enormously rewarding and exciting one.

Having received basic and operational Ground Intercept training, Captain Lee plays a valuable role as a member of the Republic of Singapore Air Force.

She serves in No. 111 Squadron on board the Lockheed E2C Hawkeye, Singapore’s tactical Airborne Early Warning and Control platform, as an airborne control intercept controller. “We play a pretty important role in bringing the aircraft together over the battlefield,†CAPT Lee said.

Unlike other PB04 players, such as the F-16, F/A-18 and F- 111 aircraft, the Tracker did not participate in the heat of battle. It remained at a sufficient distance to assess the nature of the battle and bring the “hostile†force right to the defenders.

CAPT Lee conceded that her aircraft was one of the battle’s most important assets and, as a consequence, one of the most sought-after kills.

She regarded the experience as “a highly worthwhile component of training for every contingencyâ€. “Pitch Black is always a complex and sophisticated air warfare exercise,†she said.

The highlight of PB04 for her was the opportunity to interact with other nations and to hone her capabilities alongside the Thai, French and Australian participants.


CAPT Lee Li Hwee, a weapons officer, in front of a E-2C Hawkeye aircraft after a mission. Photo by CPL Michele Lucraft

http://www.defence.gov.au/news/raafnews/editions/4614/topstories/story01g.htm
 

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Re: RAAF and Pitch Black 04 - On familiar territory

ALTHOUGH Pitch Black 04 was the first time the Royal Thai Air Force took part in an exercise in Australia, it was familiar territory to RTAF Squadron Leader Werachai Jong Pipittaporn.

SQNLDR Pipittaporn, an F-16 instructor, began his familiarisation with Australia as an air cadet, visiting Perth, Sydney, Canberra and Darwin.

The 36-year-old entered the RTAF in 1989 and is attached to Wing 1 at Korat Air Force Base. He was one of 24 Thai pilots involved in PB04.

“Our involvement in Pitch Black has given us the chance to develop our skills alongside the French Air Force for the first time. The experience will be very beneficial,†he said.

SQNLDR Pipittaporn has a desire to return to Australia “because it is so different to my country. The diversity in the weather is amazing; it can be snowing in the south and be very hot in the north. And it’s big – very big.†He also liked the “relaxed and friendly†attitude of Australians.


SQNLDR Werachai Jong Pipittaporn carries out a pre-flight inspection of a Sidewinder missile on his F-16 Falcon. Photo by CPL Michelle Lucraft

http://www.defence.gov.au/news/raafnews/editions/4614/topstories/story01f.htm
 
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Aussie Digger

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What I found interesting about Pitch Black was that there was no talk or publicity shots of any aircraft equipped for any air to ground missions, and the RAAF F/A-18's were the only aircraft shown equipped for BVR air to air combat, when all 4 participating nations possess such a capability. Does this mean then that Australia was playing a mostly defensive role?
 

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Aussie Digger said:
What I found interesting about Pitch Black was that there was no talk or publicity shots of any aircraft equipped for any air to ground missions, and the RAAF F/A-18's were the only aircraft shown equipped for BVR air to air combat, when all 4 participating nations possess such a capability. Does this mean then that Australia was playing a mostly defensive role?
Come to think of it, you're probably right. It would seem that the DACT was given to "blue". I wonder if that role will be swapped with the SAF when we visit them for DACT?
 
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Aussie Digger

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Actually now that I DO think about, the RAAF has always mainly been defensive on Pitch Black as it's designed to test our air defences, Doh...
 

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Aussie Digger said:
Actually now that I DO think about, the RAAF has always mainly been defensive on Pitch Black as it's designed to test our air defences, Doh...
I'd like to know what the outcome was with the Frogs and Singaporeans. I think the Sings were riding WVR shotgun for the French.
 
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